Roman - Han contact

steveedster

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Reading through The web I have read there was very brief and limited contact between these ancient empires at opposite ends of Eurasia. I find this very very interesting. As these were both certainly the 2 'superpowers' of their times in terms of both technology and military might.

After Chang Ch'ien's trip to the west (central asia) for the Han empire, the regular traffic began along the Silk Road, on which goods - above all China's silk - were carried across Asia, finally reaching the Roman Empire. Passing through land controlled by the Chinese, the Kushans, the Parthians, and the Romans, the goods were transferred from the caravans of one people to those of another, so that no single individual normally made the entire journey.
As a result, neither the Roman nor the Chinese knew much about the other, and although the Romans loved silk, they asserted that the material grew on tree. By the second half of the 1st century, the Han's general Pan Chao stabilized the Tarim basin region and chased out the Xiongnu who fought to control the trade route in the area. In 97 he decided to directly contact Da Chi'en (Roman Empire) by sending an ambassdor, Kan Ying, to Rome. Therefore Kan Ying set off to the west along the Silk Road with elaborate gifts. He got as far as Mesopotamia. He intended to take ship for Rome but when he was told that the journey would take up to two years, he gave up and returned home. The unfortunate Kan Ying was misinformed about the time by the Parthians, who feared any contact between China and Rome might interfere with their profitable role as middlemen.

The first direct contact between Rome and China didn't happen until the second century after Rome Empire defeated Parthia and controlled the Persian Gulf. In 166 the first Roman envoy was sent by Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius, from the Persian Gulf and successfully arrived China.

Interesting stuff indeed.
 
I have no doubt they were in contact. I don't think they'd have had much contact diplomatically (until later at least), but trade-wise, I think they had been trading for a very long time. The Romans were a very trade-happy people.
 
How long would it take for Rome to send instructions to its Chinese envoy? I bet that guy was just screwing around the whole time.
 
The middle-men (the Parthians) used to spread stories to the Chinese about how horribly long and difficult it was to get to Rome (of course grossly exaggerating), thus trying to dissuade them from travelling their themselves and threatening all the big profits they were making from the Silk Road trade.
 
Indeed Parthia and later Sassanid Persia took great pains to protect their role as a middleman.
 
Know this thread looks a bit more likely then that one of romans in rio, direct contact between embassors of rome and china i dont think so, but they knew of the existence of one another, but through persia merchants only. Howhever, if any contact between the both was made, it must have been made while running from the locals :). Persia wasnt very friendly towords Rome...
 
Roman-Han contact has been very well documented; there is no reason to disbelieve it. Even the Greeks had contact with the East: Megasthenes, Seleucid ambassador, traveled as far as Sri Lanka. With respect to the Parthians: they didn't have control over the only routes to the East. Ships were leaving Egypt and reaching southwestern India in the Hellenistic age, and Roman times didn't decrease the travel amount at all. Ambassadors from Rome reached the Guptas as well as the Han.
 
China was "Seres" (roughly translated "land of silk"), and Chang'an was Sera Metropolis.

The major civs of antiquity weren't isolated from each other. Greek and Arab merchants had several permanent settlements in South and East Asia for instance at places like Muziris (India) and Takola (Thailand) and there were frequent trade with Swahili states along the African coast.
 
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