BT Update #1, c. 2200b.c. – 500b.c.
Before the year 2234 b.c., history was characterized by wandering tribes of people, who, if you categorized them, formed “clouds” of culture throughout the world. But, within only a few hundred years since the founding of the first permanent settlement, the world has transformed into dozens of nation-states with the emphasis of civilization usually centered on the food-rich river valleys. When bronze was first smelted, armies began to conquer more land for power-hungry regimes leading these nation-states, and finally full wars were waged.
The Mediterranean
Ironically enough, the first civilization was not along a river valley like the Nile in the Mediterranean world. Instead, the first city was founded on the small island of Crete, where the religious Bullanians built their culture and civilization around 2210 b.c. While peaceful and not expansionist, the Bullanians are very commercial and rely on their navy for protection.
Unfortunately their neighbors are not too keen on keeping peace. Because of the massive wealth that accumulated in Bullania during the outbreak of trade in the 1500s, Bullania has become involved in a series of war on the mainland of Hellenica.
Mycenae and Bullania have always been at odds, ever since the Mycenae Empire began to question Bullania’s authority over the Aegean. The small city-state began to gain power rapidly in the 1400s when a series of wars brought the city-states of Sparta and Corinth, and thus all of the Peloponnesus under their shell. Only Athens stood in the way of the new Empire from conquering all of Hellenica. The Great Hellenic War began in 1388 b.c., when the Mycenaeans, along with their Peloponnesusians allies, assaulted the city of Athens. Possessing a much smaller army, the Athenian king knew he could not match the invaders on the battlefield himself. Quickly he ordered his army to retreat behind the walls of Athens, and sent out messengers to plea for help to Delphi and other northern Hellenic states, as well as to Bullania and Rhodes. The response was heartening. As soon as the Spartans began to surround the city, a combined Bullania, Theben, and Delphi force came from the north and defeated the Mycenaens on the fields outside of Athens in the battle that became known as the Battle for Athens, in 1387 b.c. Mycenae soon reached a peace deal, and again there was peace in Hellenica.
However, it wasn’t long before the whole of Hellenica would erupt in war once again, in an even more disastrous and terrible war then the first. This war would involve the whole of the Aegean, from the newly established state of Troy, to Rhodes, Bullania, and even to the barbarians in the north. It would start with the signing of an alliance between the Rhodesians, who were at war with Bullania at the time, and Mycenae. This alliance threatened the balance of power in the Aegean, and so soon Athens was pressured into reaffirming their allegiance to Bullania, and a new alliance was struck with the Trojans. However, in a turning of events, the Mycenaens managed to sign allegiance with the Thebens and Delphi, and thus turned the tied in mainland Hellenica drastically against the Athenians. The war started in 988 b.c. when Bullania invaded Rhodes.
The powder keg of the Aegean erupted, with the fall of Athens in 986 b.c. The Trojans and Bullania, now standing alone, finished up with the Rhodesians and soon landed a sizeable army to liberate Athens, just south of Delphi. Having heard of this invasion through an intricate spy network, Mycenae had already moved the bulk of his forces here to defeat the invasion. The Battle of Theben Hill began in the later months of 986, and it was soon apparent that Bullania and Troy had been defeated. The allied army soon retreated to Chalcis, a safe haven for the forces, where they awaited their ships to bring them home. Meanwhile, though, sensing a weakness, the barbarians of the north, including thousands of Macedonians, descended upon Delphi and burned the city to the ground in 985 b.c. To counter this threat, Mycenae had to make peace with the Trojans, Bullanians and Athenians, re-establishing Athens as a state. The barbarian invasion would be continuous, with four major invasions that threatened even Thebes in the far interior of Hellenica. Each time the barbarians were thwarted, but at a huge cost to the Mycenaens. This would be the last of the wars between the Hellenics, for now.
As we leave the Aegean, we go east and find there is a world outside of the wars of Mycenae and the Macedonian barbarians. Here, the Hittites have grown to a very powerful force in Asia Minor, possessing the largest army in the region, albeit under trained and disobedient. With wealth coming abroad from the East Mediterranean Trade Route, Hattasus is a bustling polis of nearly six thousand people, fed by the productive farmland outside its gates. The Hittite Empire was spawned in 1600 b.c., when King Arban led the invasion of the coastal region in the south.
It wasn’t long before the Hittites came to clash with the Levantine states of Tyre, Sidon and Canaan. These three states had already existed for hundreds of years and were constantly at each other’s throats for control of the limited resources here. Eventually Sidon gained the upper hand and annexed the other two states. The period of Sidonian supremacy, lasting from about 1700-1580 b.c. ended when the Hittites launched an invasion of Tyre in the north, a prime province of the Sidonian empire. Sidon was no match for the constant flow of armies from the north, and was soon conquered by the Hittites by 1520 b.c. The Hittites, now ruling an empire from the Anatolian coast to Jerusalem, consolidated their power, which increasingly centralized in Hattasus.
Meanwhile, in about 2000 b.c., the first settlements in the Nile valley were united into a single nation. With power focused at Memphis, the new Egyptian Kingdom pierced south to unite all of the Nile under the one Pharaoh. By 1720 b.c., the border of the Egyptian Empire reached as far south as Aswan. In 1710, and later, in both 1707 and 1702 b.c. a series of campaigns in Nubia were met with defeat. Finally, the Egyptians withdrew into their own borders, and the first phase of Egyptian expansionism came to an abrupt end as Pharaohs concentrated on building massive pyramids, obelisks, and temples within their cities instead of armies. Egyptian culture flourished in this age from 1700-1440 b.c., when the Pharaoh Ramses II decided to expand the northern borders of Egypt. With its treasuries full from the East Mediterranean Trade Route, the Egyptian Pharaoh led his army into the Levantine to fight the docile Hittites. Immediate successes were achieved, with the capture of Jerusalem and Sidon. Ramses continued on, and in 1400 b.c., the Egyptians, under the new Ramses III Pharaoh, captured and plundered Tyre, which was then renamed to Mitanni, an Egyptian spin off of Tyre. The land surrounding Mitanni was then characterized by the next forty years as the place where most of the battles were fought, and soon turned into a barren war zone. By 1350 b.c., the Egyptians were pushed back to Jerusalem, where the siege killed nearly twenty thousand Jews. Angered, the Jews sided with the Pharaoh, and together they drove the Hittites back once more, and even into the Hittite homeland. The war that never seemed to end was finally over with the signing of the Treaty of Jerusalem, where the two powers agreed to seize hostilities, and created a buffer state, Mitanni, to deter any future rulers. The treaty, signed in 813 b.c., still stands today, though many in Egypt call for a return to arms, especially now when Hittite strength is at its weakest.
Western Mediterranean
War is not only in the east. The Mediterranean seems to breed war, as two powers – Rome and Carthage rise almost simultaneously around 1400 b.c. In the beginning, the relations between these two important people were symbiotic, trade and shared enemies, like the Sariscans of Sardinia, brought them together. But during a campaign for Sicily, their friendship would descend into an all out war for the island, which ironically enough, held little importance or resources at the time. The war would escalate to include the Sariscans, who ended up siding with the Carthaginians, and the Valencians, who sided with Rome.
In about 1000 b.c., Carthage landed a full sized army in the Roman region of Apulia, which housed many important leaders, but was the least garrisoned of all Rome’s provinces in Italy. The invasion soon grew, and the Romans were powerless to stop the advance. Eventually Naples was captured, and peace was signed by the Romans in fear of their capital also falling to the same fate.
By 950 b.c., the Romans felt confident enough to try and capture their lost provinces, and began so by launching an invasion, liberating Naples, and pushing the Carthaginians back to Apulia. The Carthaginians pushed them back again, and captured the province of Abruzzo. The war ended the same way the last one did.
Meanwhile, in what is known as Gaul, a few tribes have gathered to form a loose confederation led by the strongest tribe, the Alesian people. While the people are completely backwards compared to the modern world, they are a superpower in the region of small tribes and villages. They have even managed to centralize and create a city, the capital city, for the state. But the state is surrounded by strong barbarians, and constant incursions are having an impact on the moral of the people and their confidence that their new state will continue to exist.
Another nation in the same region, the Leon(ians?) established their own center of civilization, but is almost identical in nature as the Alesians, but a little worse off.
The Valencians, after taking the Roman side, lost their complete navy as the Carthaginians and Sarsicans destroyed it. In the second war, they decided to remain neutral. In doing so, the Valencians concentrated on its infrastructure and the population flourished, as well as agriculture. A brief war with its neighbor, Tartessos, confirmed Valencia as a major power as it extended overseas to Fez Africa.
Along the barren coast, the Tripoli have made their state a strong and stable land. However, cracks started to show around 900 b.c., and since then strong barbarian invasions have destabilized the region, making the lucrative trade that comes to the port of Tripoli less and less likely. Finally, at the request of the King of Tripoli, Carthaginian troops begin to occupy the country, mostly in the south, to help fend away the Libyans and Bedouins. Since then the country has signed a pact of alliance with Carthage, and its politics are heavily influenced by the Carthaginian king.
Middle East
The flat plain, relatively fertile lands, that spans in-between the two great rivers of the region is known as Mesopotamia. Here, civilization has flourished since 2000 b.c. Its numerous people, beginning as the Sumerians, have migrated far: from northern Mesopotamia, to Persia, and even to the Levantine states to become the people known as Hebrews, or the Jews. Eventually these people built states of their own, and, for the most part, caused the destruction of the Sumerian system.
In its place, the city-state of Babylon rose to dominate Mesopotamia. However, the peoples in the north eventually became distressed since their values differed much compared to the souths, and eventually seceded in 1600 b.c. to become Assyria. The history that followed is full of dozens of small wars that Assyria and Babylon have fought, eventually coming to the borders they currently have.
As it sits now, Babylon has a much larger population then its northern neighbor and a much stronger and vibrant economy. However, in the north, the people are very warlike, with their economy geared towards war and the soldiers very well trained. It is an uneasy balance that, if tilted either way, and generally that is the case, a war breaks out.
The Persians, descendents of the early Sumerians, are an extension of Mesopotamia, and represent the power at the end of the world. As far as anyone knows, anything east of Persia is considered hell, as the barbarians that roam these lands are by far the most extreme barbarians in the world. The Iranians, as they have come to be known, are great in number and great fighters.
Ironically enough, Persia itself has never fought another nation state, but instead has focused on protecting its eastern border from the mountain peoples. However, Persipolis, the capital, is a very cultural city, a pilgrimage point for many people living in Babylon. The city boasts of the world’s first sanitation system and is made of very clean limestone, granite, mud brick, and wood. In our world, it would be the Paris of the Middle East.
Across sand dunes littered with Bedouin hunters and warriors exists the nation of Mecca, a Bedouin tribe that has erected a small city in which to guard itself from the surrounding tribes. Mecca is a small city, and because it is constantly attacked and in itself is not in very fertile land, is not subject to grow any time soon. The army that the Caliphate does have, though, are hardy warriors who are dedicated to their jobs.
Indian Subcontinent
Three small states once shared the fertile Indus valley, each having a distinct culture and language, each its own people. But in 1400 b.c. one became overly powerful, destroying what was left of the equality these three states shared. The Rajputs of Rajputana, the middle state, became increasingly warlike until 1350 when it invaded the peaceful kingdom of the Gujarati in the south. The war would last only four years, and the kingdom soon fell to the growing Rajput Empire.
Probably the most cultural and peaceful state were the Mohenjo-Daros in the north, whose population doubled that of the Rajputana’s. But that did not stop the invasion. In 1329 b.c., the Rajputs invaded these peaceful kingdom, and soon occupied it as overlords. Twice the year that peace was made there were rebellions, both in the north and south, straining the Rajput resources, but the Empire has remained strong and resolute.
Meanwhile, on the other Indian River, the Magadhans have arisen in a similar fashion, but with blade and spears also came settlers and families. The Magadhans have a distinct way of conquering a people. Instead of merely occupying their land, the Magadhans instill their own culture amongst the group, and bring in their own families for settlement. While difficult at first, this ultimately stabilizes the region fifteen years down the line. The Magadhans and Rajputs do not have contact with one another, but once they do, it may get bloody.
East Asia
The beginnings of Southeast Asian civilization were with the Java peoples, who populated most of the islands of Indonesia. These people soon formed an empire that stretched across the archipelago. But it was not to last. In 1500 bc, the empire fell, divided into many different states, and soon the original settlements on Borneo and Sumatra were abandoned and the people took to the forests and hills once more.
But around 1000bc, a new civilization was born. The Mataramesians of Java rose to power again, forming a backbone similar to the Javanese before them. But, unlike the Javanese, there was serious competition for Mataram. First off, the Malays to the north had migrated into the region, and pose a great threat to Mataram expansion. The hate between Mataram and Malays is intense, and threatens to invoke war.
But even more serious is the threat of Siamese imperialism that comes from the north. These people from Bangkok are more sophisticated and yield better armies and economies then the peoples of the islands. So, with the power distribution skewed, the Siamese have begun their imperialism of lands to their south.
Untouched by war thus far (though relatively young), Mataram has much to accomplish if it is to become even a regional power.
The peoples of China, while starting late in terms of civilization, with the first civilized nation being the Qi of the north, or Jinan, have experienced huge growth of culture and have experienced what some would say a cultural renaissance. This is not to say war is vacant of ancient Chinese history. On the contrary, war has forced the construction of large cities, where most of the people gathered instead of out in the farms where they would risk slaughter and robbery.
The northern Chinese, the Qi, have forever been a victim of northern barbarian raids and ambushes. This have put an emphasis on city life, but also of technological gain since there are less people to work the farms and the same amount of people needing to be fed. This has led to highly productive, yet still vulnerable, farmland.
In the south, the people have been effected less by war, but still are strong-minded people nonetheless. They have formed highly productive cities and farms as well, more so then anywhere else in the world other then their northern neighbors. However, “they” is actually referring to many different states that make up “Southern China”. First, the most influential and powerful, are the Wu with their capital and Nanjing. Their power has been long lasting and has brought stability and fear into the region.
The other states, Wuhan, Xi’an, and Guangzhou are, for the most part, regional powers. They have warred with each other on and off, which has been the catalyst for great motivation in war technology, especially siege technology.
The people of Edo, occupying the small archipelago they call Japan, are a people who can barely be called civilized, and, for the most part compared to the rest of the civilized world, are at the edge of humanity. The people have a long way to go if they ever want to influence the region in which they inhabit, and not get swallowed up by the barbarians from which they originated.
Americas
What can I say that hasn’t already been said. Three nations have risen up, the Aztecs, Olmecs, and Mayans, both with different cultures yet related by a similar religion. The Aztecs have tried to conquer the region for many centuries, but have been unable to do so. Wars blah blah blah