Dear Consul,
First thanks for the overview over the resources

. It shows that Persia and Netherlands are the only ones that have their iron hooked up, which is significant. I hope it is not too much of a burden to keep this updated, it is much appreciated!
Of course I could not agree more with your comment on markets

.
I think timing is key. Our research policy (self-research or trade) should be driven by what we need, and when we need it, not by how quick we can research without losing money.
I would guess the sequence of events looks like this: first war on India and Dutch, we'll be building units. After that, perhaps an expansion phase, start markets

D) and switch governments. After that, start building some culture, continuing expansion all the time.
I find it difficult to provide a timeline for this, but my guess (based on nothing but a vague intuition) is we'll need markets and republic some 30 turns from now. We'll need literature quite some time after that.
To keep up in the tech race we don't have to self-research; trade is also possible and perhaps cheaper. Republic will probably (hopefully) be researched for us by our friends.