I'll add some more (though I don't think I'll have to present these as thoroughly as I did with the Berbers)
Spain
Leader: Isabella - She’s important, has been included in previous titles and, at the risk of sounding cheesy and PC, adds diversity.
Unique unit 1: Conquistador (replaces Knight or Lancer, not really sure) – Has +1 sight range, receives large combat bonus versus cities (perhaps one against normal cities, and a larger one against city states, this would be to represent Spain’s conquering, so to speak, in the 16th century)
Unique unit 2: Tercio (replaces Musketman) - Revolutionary military formation pioneered by
Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba containing an equal mix of pikemen, swordsmen and arquebusiers that dominated warfare for over a century and helped establish Spain as a dominant military power. +2 strength, bonus against mounted units (or perhaps simply all melee units?)
Special ability: Siglo de Oro – Golden ages last 50% longer, during golden ages Spain has an increased chance of generating great generals and great artists, and gold resources and intercontinental trade routes (perhaps just trade routes in general?) provide double output.
The Conquistador should be able to help Spain conquer a large empire and with the Tercio, Spain should dominate renaissance warfare (together with the Ottomans, reflecting history).
The special ability (I know it is reminiscent of Persia’s, but so is that of the Ottomans’ of Germany’s) reflects the impressive power, wealth and culture of Spain during its golden age, as well as its relative obscurity before it and the steep decline at its termination.
The special ability will also encourage Spain to choose the Piety social polices tree (which is rather fitting), the large empire that will likely be conquered for Spain in the renaissance era will also benefit from the happiness boosts of this social policies tree.
Israel
Leader: Solomon
David would also be good, but Solomon, I think, is a better choice, with his famous words of wisdoms and the innumerable depictions of him sitting upon a magnificent throne in a magnificent courtroom surrounded by dignitaries and servants. Plus he built the First Temple.
Unique Unit: IDF Fighter (replaces Jet Fighter) – gains combat bonus against ground units.
Combat bonus against other fighters would also fit the bill, but would be 100 % identical to the Zero, this here reflects the great success Israel has had using its air superiority to destroy the Arab armies on the ground. I chose not to give it a specific name (like F-16 or F-15, though it should probably base its appearance on one of them) since Israel does not have “homemade” jet fighters. It is the training and dedication of their pilots and the doctrine of the IDF that make the Israeli air force as deadly as it is.
Unique Building: Kibbutz (replaces Granary) - ?
Yes, it is anachronistic, I know. This is somewhat from lack of a better idea. The way I thought it would work would be to have it mostly act like a normal granary, however I thought it should get bonuses when certain industrial and modern technologies are researched (reflecting both how kibbutzim have modernized since the establishment of Israel, and making them important to your civ as they have been important in modern Israel’s history) would also perhaps be fitting for the building to provide some synergy (or receive bonuses) with policies from the Order tree (specifically Socialism and Nationalism)
Special Ability: The Chosen People – Units receive combat bonus in home territory, conquered Israeli cities (whether puppet states or annexed I should think, but perhaps only annexed cities) produce twice as much unhappiness for the conquering empire, cultural assimilation (I assume there is a mechanism like this gradually eliminating the unhappiness produced by conquered cities) of annexed Israeli cities takes twice as long, Israel also takes twice as long to culturally assimilate annexed cities they themselves have conquered.
May be too powerful (I don’ know) could be tweaked or one of the bonuses removed. This is supposed to represent the perseverance of Jewish culture despite having been under foreign rule for much of their history, particularly this aims to emulate the intense resistance encountered by the Romans and exemplified in the
Jewish Revolt and
Bar Kochba’s revolt
This rendition of Israel reflects both modern (unique building and unit) and ancient history (leader and special ability), Israel does not receive their unique unit until the modern era and will not be militarily significant for much of the game (at least where unique units are concerned) they will also likely remain a small empire due to their difficulty in annexing cities (special ability). They are envisioned to work well with the Tradition tree (because of the history of Jewish veneration of tradition) which will, especially in the late game with the IDF fighter, make them a force to be reckoned with, despite their likely small size and especially when defending their own country. I also would like them to work well with the Order tree, considering
Zionism’s (here again I am thinking Socialism and Nationalism) role in the history of modern Israel.