I honestly don't think there's a great way to represent anarchism as an option in a game like Civilization - fundamental parts of the design of the game clash with anarchism. Civ is very much about the Great Men Of History, and has a bunch of mechanics that seem to assume a degree of hierarchy present in the civilization being represented. If they really wanted to put anarchism into Civ, I do think there are interesting ways to combine anarchism and 4x design - but they'd require significant changes to the game, and I don't think anyone would want that. It's sort of like the situation with classical Greece as a civ, but scaled up by an order of magnitude - it's a little strange to try and combine a civ that (outside of Alexander) is most well known for city states, fierce independence, and internal division with a game series that assumes you have a single point of decision-making happening. With Greece I think we can mostly just not think about it, maybe think about how we're not making decisions as a leader of a united Greece but as something of a spirit that represents the collective Greek civilization's priorities (despite also technically playing Gorgo/Pericles), but scaling that up to anarchism would be an even worse version of that tension, in my opinion. I might be biased here though - I much preferred civ 5's ideologies (that were decently differentiated) versus civ 6's t3 governments, as it always felt strange to me that you could change between communism/fascism/liberal democracy and not have a meaningful difference in actual gameplay. I guess if one is using the civ 6 t3 government model, you're encouraged enough to avoid thinking about what it means to be communist with Serfdom and Laissez-Faire slotted, so you might be able to get away with itMaybe the best way to go about it would be to have the two be separate components in a game?
Anarchy could be a civilization with no government in place, starting from the beginning of the game, while Anarchism could be a modern ideology choice?![]()

I think just search-replacing anarchy with turmoil would be a fix that goes unnoticed by 95% of the userbase, and the remaining 5% would find it either the same or better, with no meaningful downsides that I see, and a super easy implementation.