Colonization would have been extremely slow, not just because there wouldn't be people to point out where the resources were, but because the Europeans had an immense amount of help by having the natives before them have areas set apart capable for founding villages- land cleared for homes and agriculture, however limited it may have been. Plus not knowing where to go for anything -food, water, what was over the next hill, all that would have to be learned by themselves, plus some of the animals that made it through may have been less than hospitable to their arrival.
If the Norse set up settlements that lasted, I still doubt they would have expanded very much, though some may have just wondered off.
And same with the Polynesians, and if we look at Australia as a comparison, then just because they had a lot of land doesn't mean they necessarily would have become a thriving civilization.
Both the Norse and and Polynesians would have had little time to do much, but certainly would have made some sort of lasting culture.
That and a lot of angry people up in Siberia who hate boats.