After the turks declare war on me suddently they have captured Hasanlu without killing its defenders. I believe that this has been caused by an conqueror spawn in the city tile. Also, every time, some turns after their rise, the Turks declare war to me. Is that intended? Save attached (Just end the turn to see the bug).
Extremely valuable save, thanks for sharing it. The issue is that the Turks mean to target Shush, which is not the closest city to their own territory, but your other cities are not part of their expansion area (like Hasanlu). I had not considered that kind of situation before.
In consequence, I refined the code that determines their spawning tile. Now they will first determine their own city closest to the target city, and then find the closest enemy city from that city. If the actual target city is in the expansion area, that would be the target itself. Otherwise it will usually turn out to be a city on the way to the target city.
Then I also added more safeguards against "wrong" spawn tiles. Previously, the spawn would always be on one of the plots three tiles away from the target, not closer but also not further away. Because that is quite narrow, I was hesitant to disallow tiles with enemy units, because it would enable exploits where you put a unit into every possible spawn tile to prevent the spawn entirely. Now I changed it into any tile between the origin city and the target city, that is land, not impassable, within either your territory, the target's territory, or nobody's territory, and is neither occupied by an enemy unit nor directly next to or inside a city not controlled by the attacker.
Quite a lot of conditions but I think all of them are necessary to produce sensible spawn locations. It seems restrictive, but in the worst case the attacker's closest origin city should always be a valid location.
While I was working at it, I made two further changes:
1. There will now be a notifications when expansion units spawn, both as a warning and to explain why they appear.
2. If you make peace with a civilization, its expansion area will be removed from your territory. This should prevent them to declare wars for it over and over again.
All of it will be pushed (probably later today) with the next batch of fixes.