Yes, in general when I say "attacker" I mean the unit that initiates the combat, unless I say otherwise. I agree it's pretty awkward for describing civ5 combat, but it was pretty straight forward for civ4 so I'm sort of stuck with it / used to it for the moment. I prefer to think of the roles of attacker and defender staying fixed during combat, rather than changing each round.
If you were to allow the attacker and defender to change during combat (i.e. units keep switching between attack and defense) then it would not be correct to say:
If you were to allow the attacker and defender to change during combat (i.e. units keep switching between attack and defense) then it would not be correct to say:
anymore, because it wouldn't really make sense.Flipping this around to get the amount of damage the defender expects to deal to the attacker, and everything is still symmetric between attacker and defender.