Blanket comment on starting Civics: I think that all starting Civics should have HIGH upkeep, and a very
nice effect. A small group of people can easily reach agreement to live in an idealized way, but it becomes a HUGE strain to maintain such ideals as you grow and expand.
As far as the game mechanics go: With small population, high upkeeps are meaningless. You don't actually have to pay anything at all, for quite some time even if you DO find something with high upkeep and switch to it.
Ideas for starting Civics - Take a tip from Cultural Values: Multiple options right out the gate, all with some effect. This just rules. I would also like to see some options for RAW culture (not just a percent bonus, but something to help new cities), free initial promotions to units, free experience, specialist slots, or better results from specialists. Each of these categories are what I look for in Civics, and all of them are really nice in a starting culture, but can diminish with time to make others more favorable. ESPECIALLY if coupled with HIGH UPKEEP.
Quick Question: What on earth does it mean to have a "Preferred Civic" for your leader? Lower upkeep? Better effect? Never have found this one out.
GOVERNMENT
Despotism - Starting Civic, comment as before.
City States - I use this one a LOT. I like to place my cities near resources I want, and that usually means far from the capitol. Plus I like my cities spread out to need 3 cultural border expansions in order to connect to my empire so there is breathing room (now that number of cities penalizes you). And in games where I am worried about AC, I capture every city. So I LOVE a civic to allow more/widespread cities.
God King - Nice overall, I use it when I have only 2 or 3 cities and haven't been forced to spread out much.
Aristocracy - Never used it. Don't see the point. I would rather have food than money, and if I combine this with Agriculture, I would rather have hammers than money too. IMO, this one is a waste of time.
Theocracy - Haven't tried for a religious victory, would use this if I did. Even without it though, if I was able to get my economy balanced and could AFFORD to move out of City States... I LOVE free exp from civics!
Republic - Extra Culture is nice in a civic. I have often used the cultural civics to take over nearby cities without war, or push toward a culture victory. Sadly, great bards are FAR better for this than actually earning your own culture. Larger bonus in order maybe? Or smaller culture bombs?
CULTURAL VALUES
Religion - Culture boost, love em. But could it have a raw culture value as well, so that you can expand borders without building the money stealing Obelisk? Also, can you make the happiness come from the BUILDING CLASS Temple, instead of listing every temple? It'll be worse with the new religions coming in.
Pacifism - Nicely balanced overall IMO.
Nationhood - Can't say I have ever used it except for the couple of turns till I get a religion or do some other civic swap if I start with it. The military production at the start of the game is sure nifty though, and it seems balanced, just not my playstyle.
Social Order, Crusade - Haven't used either one.
Consumption - Another that I am decently happy with. When I have a struggling economy and cannot max my science slider, this helps me out tons.
Liberty - Free Specialist. I love this MORE than I love free Experience. I especially like civics that make specialists all give you additional benefits. Can we get some? Overall, I adore Liberty. (culture rocks!)
LABOR
The whole category is decent. But make Tribalism DO something please? See earlier comments on fleshing out starting civics. And Guilds shouldn't give unlimited Bard. Liberty does that already, don't step on Liberty's Toes ;P
ECONOMY
Decentralization - If it is what you start with, when were you ever centralized? Bad name, and common comment about starting civics
Agriculture - Yeah, the minus 1 Hammer is just plain silly. Unless you happen to have a ton of plains, you don't notice, nor care much. The point of a super-food farm is to let you do specialists or pure hammers mining.
Conquest - Free EXP! Love it. But maybe the whole "Spend food to build units" should belong in LABOR, not economy. How you produce units is a labor issue. How you handle your gold is economy. Make one of the new options of starting civics in Labor have that effect maybe?
Mercantile - Pretty nice, and I often use it when my econmy starts to flounder. Frequent problem of mine sadly, but working on it
Foreign Trade - Just started using this, and I am liking it so far. Well done IMO.
Guardian of Nature - Never used it. Don't care for FotL much. But it looks decent.
COMPASSION
Sacrafice the Weak - Haven't used it. Looks fun
Fend for Themselves - Maybe the "good" leaders shouldn't love to switch to this one quite so much? Never used it myself, by the time I NEED a non-cost civic, I need the other effects far more. Maybe this one is a good candidate for making units start with the "Subdue Animal" promotion? You figure they'd know how to hunt...
Basic Care - Well, at least this category has another option right out the gates. Even though it sorta sucks too.
Protect the Meek - Decent premise. I don't often use it as there are PLENTY of health buildings I have not yet built usually when I get to this point. But I don't wind up with gigantic populations usually.
Public Healers - Just an upgrade to Protect the Meek. Making this the most boring category of Civics.
Education
No School System - What about Verbal Heritage? Sheesh. Starting Civics...
Apprenticeship - Ye gods I love it! Free Experience. I often stick with this most of the game.
Military Discipline - Faster military, lower War costs... But enough to be worth Medium Upkeep? Not for me. Maybe it should have stronger / more effect?
Religious Discipline - Could this one PLEASE have a chance of REMOVING non-state religions in your cities? Inquisitors come fairly late, and until then, you have no work-around for the negative happy but to build the other religion's temple. And why should THIS civic be the one to make it worth your time to do so?
Scholarship - Specialists gain more bonus! Love it. And this whole category makes you decide WHICH specialist you want unlimited numbers of. Quite the nice effect if I do say so myself (and I do!)