I just want a non nomadic civ from Central Asia, and by Central Asia I mean the precise modern day notion of "Soviet Central Asia" or "Stans" or "Transoxiana" if you prefer - The area of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Kazachstan and East Turkiestan. Like yeah we had some nomadic empires but a) In very different cultural areas and b) Central Asia had a ton of 'real' urban state civilizations.
My absolute favourite would be of course a Timurid civ with Samarkand capital and Timur as a leader, as it would a) Perfectly express this cultural region b) Make modern Uzbeks happy c) Be spectacular as hell d) One more islamic civ in a game with very few and e) Ruin the myth of 'nomadic' central asia and Timurid Empire. You could even do that civilization without Timur as a leader but with scientific Shah Rukh, to deconstruct even more, but I'm afraid Tamerlane is simply too much to ignore.
But there are more options than Timurids. The second best option would be Sogdians who basically founded the entire area. You could also simply make Uzbeks as a civ with Timurid and later early modern civs elements. Uyghurs are also worthy of a separate civilization for themselves.
Generally I think those four would be the most major and simplest civs from this area to implement, although there is a ton of secondary candidates:
- The entire saga of mixed Greeko/Buddhist/ Central Asian civilizations such as Kushans, Indo - Greek Bactria, later variations etc
- Some interesting but 'too archeological' cultures such as Tocharians, Bactria - Mariana etc
- Kazakhs, but they were steppe nomads
- Kyrgyz honestly weren't super spectacular
- I'd love Samanid civ but nobody else would care about it, and the topic of general Tajik entity and language and gow they relate to Persian civilization gave me a headache, though not nearly as bad as the chaos of...
- ...precise distinctions and clear history of Turkic, Gokturk, Turkmen and Turkoman peoples, I am unable to comprehend Turkic peoples history in Central Asia
- Other civilizations such as Kara Khanids...
So, there is plenty to choose from.