Answers to your questions:
2) Yes, I think masonry now is the best.
3) Yes, sometimes you get plotted on by Gilga and it's a bit annoying. Then you tech archery and try to setup a city where you can defend with archers behind walls. Gifting a city helps a lot, but now Mids and settling 4th city are draining your

so it has to wait. Snowbird's comments are good. Without being a land target you are not very likely to be plotted on.
Qactus is spot on about pre-chopping. It's not good at all this early. Chopping is good! I used a lot of this trick to not build anything in capital, as it has only 1

anyway. This way you can for example 1-turn granary immediately at pottery.
But I have a question? Isn't there a situation in development where earlier is not better? For instance if I settled all three of these sites many turns earlier before I had Pottery instead of as I got Pottery, wouldn't I had to run 0% slider much more and slow my tech rate? The key to the early game as I understand it is balanced development. For instance if I have a city working a bad unimproved tile for 2 turns then that means I should have built a Settler 2 turns later and spent those two turns working on another build and/or growing in the capital. And I would also save the city maintenance costs for those 2 turns.
In short, no, earlier development is better. Of course, settling like 6 disconnected cities that don't have high

-tiles will lead to a disaster, but settling at least 3 good spots as fast as possible is better than not doing so.
In our game, Barcelona at size 1 despite being unconnected is generating 3

per turn, so it should be slightly

-positive so it's just winning you some

/

. Thus, even just the oasis tile means this city should be founded asap. The 4th city spot is actually clearly the best one (wet corn), but I chose to delay it in order to get both pottery and masonry quickly. If we started with better starting techs I'd be tempted to settle there first.