I'll just give a quick explanation on the riddle:
From the north he rode,
as was his charge.
He came from Macedonia, his charge was being King after Phillip II was assassinated
As he took power,
he called his country to arms.
He started campagining against the Persians
He was showered with names,
King of Macedon , Pharoah of Egypt, Lord of Asia, etc...
and called many places his own.
Named 20+cities after himself
But it was not to last,
as he was done in by his own.
His army forced him to turn back at India
And his only defeat
was meeting his kin, once more.
He never lost a battle, but he died at a young age, thus his only "losing battle".