So Inflation Is Killing Me - Video In Thread

It SHOULD solve the problem but in reality it has become a way to worsen the problem by obsoleting the only reason the rich ever tolerated the existence of the poor, that we are useful in some way to them.
Personally, I tend to view the rich as people who act in self interest, instead of evil.
That's like saying we can't wonder if we are sick. You most certainly can replicate this in a program. We do it with fAsserts all the time. That's not much different than how we come to ask that question of ourselves, is when we start realizing something ain't right.
Tests (fAssert, ifs and so on) could point that you have a problem. That's great! But think of a code with two errors. The first is the "real" bug. Let's say that sometimes 1+1=3. The second is in the testing system, causing the test "1+1 should return 2" to be true as well. (For example, consistently not causing the original bug to appear)
In a sense, it doesn't matter what piece of code you will make to try to check if either of these is correct, there could be a bug there.
Another way to think about it is this: you were asked to "paint on a note a smiley". You accepted, and painted ":)". I look at it, and I tell you that you did a sloppy job (=bug), I expected this ":p". At no point you could've known which of the smileys I was referring to.
Most of the said unsolvable problems cannot be solved without additional information, which is usually not provided. In this case, I provided only partial information about the expected output.
I'm not aware of talks if humans are more complex than a turing machine, but we sure don't know how to get more information about how we work. If there is an intrinsic bug in the wiring, we may never be able to figure it without outside help.

I dunno... I had my own barracks room when I was in the military and effectively being a soldier is EXACTLY the same as being a slave except that it's not a lifetime appointment.
My commanders never did like it when I pointed it out that the army was a slave-army
 
So what we don't build walls to keep people in? We certainly seem to hunger for walls that keep people out.
That's completely different - and I'm not saying these walls are good. But one thing resembles a private estate (walls to keep people out), the other resembles a prison.

The more 'libertarian' you get with the system, the more this will be a factor.
I don't think so. There are many ways to go more libertarian while removing a lot of these problems - like education vouchers (I hope I'm using the right term here), where there are several different private school systems, the parents get the vouchers and give them to the school where their kid goes. Then the school can get the funding from the state - this is of course not completely libertarian, but much more so than the current system. The schools can create their own curriculum, and only the exams are controlled by the public sector.

Then next (more libertarian) step would be to privatize the exams. Different exam organizations offer to let students take them, and graduate the students based on the results. After a while the HR people (and in fact the public) will know what are good exams. The downside to this is mostly the transition period where students and their parents don't yet know what are good exams, so they might need to take several.

A transportation method isn't likely going to help much there.
First I have to say that I have absolutely no personal experience of the place, so I'm relying on freely available information. I looked for both a place in North Idaho (from the map in Wikipedia I picked Sandpoint), and a large city not too far away (Seattle, WA). The direct distance according to Google is 350 miles. Now we are speaking about possibilities in the future, so I'm considering the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vactrain with a speed of 4000 mph (conservative estimate). This means the travel would take 5.25 minutes, or if we add a bit of time for acceleration / deceleration - and perhaps the direct route cannot be taken, we are at 10 - 15 minutes, and you have reached a city with more than 600,000 inhabitants. Even if it is 30 minutes, that's still less time than it takes most people today to get to their job. In that regard the USA has one big advantage: A (more or less) common language. In Europe achieving the same thing would be a bit more difficult, but not impossible, given enough time. The vactrain has many advantages over both trains (speed) and airplanes (shorter boarding time), and - aside from the construction price - one drawback: If the vacuum tube is punctured by e.g. an act of terrorism, the results would be terrible, but not on a 9/11 scale (which is relevant when we are comparing with airplanes).

I dunno... I had my own barracks room when I was in the military and effectively being a soldier is EXACTLY the same as being a slave except that it's not a lifetime appointment.
I assume you were drafted, otherwise this wouldn't make sense at all. But even conscripts are paid, and the government usually wants them in good health, whereas people in forced labor are often kept in much worse conditions, health-wise. Again I have to give you an example from my own country's history: In 1839 Prussia restricted child labour mostly because of the falling health of the recruits, slowing its own economic growth (especially compared to the UK, where child labour was used the most).

Interesting that you assume this makes it a bad point.
Of course. It completely fails to describe the development of anything that happened in the last few centuries, and you remove options to deal with the problems. There is such a thing as dynamic stability (in physics this is the reason bikes work), and when you put up additional constraints you might make solving the problem impossible.

When you get kicked when you are down, with bills charging added fees for not being paid on time and banks charging significant overdraft fees and let's not talk about the costs of short term lending, the world doesn't give much leeway for being unemployed before it starts to consume your hide due to your misery.
I'm not saying that there are no problems, only that there are less problems than with other systems. And the last thing you want is making hiring impossible, for the exact same reasons you give. And this point is only a part of a whole, where you have better schools, less red tape when founding new companies, a much better infrastructure where you can (in the end) seek a job pretty much in the entire country without having to move. And please remember that I'm actually against strict IP laws, so building up competition should be easier as well.

What's the point of growing the economy when the growth only means a greater percentage of the overall whole is going to those who already had most of it in the first place?
Speak about the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusion_of_transparency - what I meant is that the number of people doesn't have to rise as long as the economy grows - which can mean that there is more for everyone. This is not bad for a free economy, since these people - now more affluent than before - buy more than before.

So you are saying that a religion was necessary to inspire generosity and goodwill enough to allow for the system to freely allow people to have no safety net below them? What good is a government that will allow its people to starve so it can employ a few more soldiers to fight wars to defend its right to manage a group of people?
I am saying that a religion - or at least this religion - was sufficient. And about the second sentence: That wasn't really a concern of these governments, was it? I just wanted to point out that people freely chose to help other people, although the government was more of a hindrance than a help - these "samaritans" still had to pay their taxes.

Not sure what you're trying to point out.
Just that this revolution was not one of the bloodier ones. It could have been much worse, and we only need to look at France at the same time to see an example.

Communism, as it has manifested in its flawed fashion in the world, has classes, the leaders of the regime and everyone else.
Socialism is nothing more than saying the government should provide services to its people.
A - hypothetical - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_society is classless, and this is what communism claimed as its final goal. I admit that I used Lenin's definition, for which I quote https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism:
It was not until 1917 after the Bolshevik revolution that "socialism" came to refer to a distinct stage between capitalism and communism, introduced by Vladimir Lenin as a means to defend the Bolshevik seizure of power against traditional Marxist criticisms that Russia's productive forces were not sufficiently developed for socialist revolution.
 
The world of 100 years from now is nearly already the world we live in and we are in the process of transition. The problem is that it is a world that is incompatible with our current economic systems but the gradual transition offers no interim solution or in-between answers for people who are failing due to humanity succeeding as a whole and it is playing only into making things even better for those who had it great to begin with and so much harder for those who were already struggling. As this keeps transitioning, are we going to keep pushing to widen the wealth gap or find a way to get it to diminish somehow?

Oooooooooooohhhh noooo!!!! The world in 100 years will be completely different. Like.. completely! 100 years ago, there were no smartphones, no AI, no internet, no "real" computers, no airliners, no ubiquitinous cars, no gene technology, no modern healthcare, not even TVs or normal telephones (at least widespread), no widespread household electronics... Technological progress getting faster and faster, the more we know. Our current level of technology helps to build us the next, and the next the one after that. It is increasing at an ever faster pace, that's the law of accelerating returns. You see it in computations per second per constant dollars the best, but it is true for other techs as well. It is fastes in information techologies, and more and more technologies become information technologies: Biotechnology, Manufacturing (3d Printing), Medicine... In 100 years there will be several more doublings in techlevel; it is likely that the jump from now to 2120 is higher than the jump from 10.000 BC to today. It will be vastly faster as most humans will be upgraded and merged with computers (more than we are nowadays with smartphones already), life expectacy will reach it's escape velocity, leading to virtual immortality; VR and reality will merge and become indistinguishable (with ultrasound and more advance techs provide haptic feedback etc). There are sooooo many other areas that will be revolutionized by AI, robotics, nanotechnolgy and biotechnology: Food production (meat grown in labs and automated farm scrapers), communications (via virtual telepathy), transportations (hyperloop style hypersonic trains for example), medicine (prostesis and biotech/nanotech will most likely vipe off diseases and disablilities) and on and on and on.
 
What about "free (or dirt cheap) needs, work for wants" system?
As a believer in a 'basic income' system, this is in essence exactly what I think we need to start implementing. Those who would say that this sort of approach causes runaway inflation would be very surprised to learn that it actually has an opposite effect for many reasons. I once believed it would cause this too but the logic makes sense as to why it doesn't and then there are cases where this has actually, if not unintentionally, been implemented and the results were extremely healthy to the economy as a whole, the benefits being extraordinary for all levels, including the wealthy who actually find they have much more to gain from a populace they can now market more goods and services to.

Personally, I tend to view the rich as people who act in self interest, instead of evil.
Sure, I don't think most of them are evil. But past a point you get into a social network that believes that the commoner is nothing more than an animal and certainly no more valuable than that. They begin to truly believe they're lives are worth more because they have more 'net worth'. It's probably a hard outlook to avoid. Tends to be only the 'new money' folks object to this viewpoint. When you see things like this, it's not hard to think of most humans as being only valuable if they can provide something for you.

I'm not aware of talks if humans are more complex than a turing machine, but we sure don't know how to get more information about how we work. If there is an intrinsic bug in the wiring, we may never be able to figure it without outside help.
The interaction of networking and specialized evaluations are what overcome this for us and what would for AI as well. It can be necessary to get outside feedback to understand a problem.

My commanders never did like it when I pointed it out that the army was a slave-army
Yeah, mine didn't appreciate it much either. lol

That's completely different - and I'm not saying these walls are good. But one thing resembles a private estate (walls to keep people out), the other resembles a prison.
But these walls, like any other, craft the flow of human populations and redirect that flow. If we wanted more in and everyone wanted out, you can imaging the walls would be put up for the opposite reason. There's really no right or wrong to it, just the point to be made that governments are managing the herd with such tools.

like education vouchers (I hope I'm using the right term here), where there are several different private school systems, the parents get the vouchers and give them to the school where their kid goes. Then the school can get the funding from the state - this is of course not completely libertarian, but much more so than the current system. The schools can create their own curriculum, and only the exams are controlled by the public sector.
So the first thing you turn to is a social program to have the state provide vouchers? You contradict your own philosophy at a fundamental level that displays you recognize need for government services, no matter how you claim that government intervention is always negative. If schools are creating their own curriculum, then how can you ensure that some crazy stuff like flat earth theory isn't being spread about in the local schools? It appears the only thing you're advocating for is to remove the ability to demand a degree of quality. You would have that happen from some public sector controlled testing, but would that not then define the curriculum by defining the exam?

Then next (more libertarian) step would be to privatize the exams. Different exam organizations offer to let students take them, and graduate the students based on the results. After a while the HR people (and in fact the public) will know what are good exams. The downside to this is mostly the transition period where students and their parents don't yet know what are good exams, so they might need to take several.
And now we have unleashed the most direct path for all crackpots to shape the next generation according to whatever they feel they wish to teach. Truth will REALLY become a narrative and nothing more.

First I have to say that I have absolutely no personal experience of the place, so I'm relying on freely available information. I looked for both a place in North Idaho (from the map in Wikipedia I picked Sandpoint), and a large city not too far away (Seattle, WA). The direct distance according to Google is 350 miles. Now we are speaking about possibilities in the future, so I'm considering the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vactrain with a speed of 4000 mph (conservative estimate). This means the travel would take 5.25 minutes, or if we add a bit of time for acceleration / deceleration - and perhaps the direct route cannot be taken, we are at 10 - 15 minutes, and you have reached a city with more than 600,000 inhabitants. Even if it is 30 minutes, that's still less time than it takes most people today to get to their job. In that regard the USA has one big advantage: A (more or less) common language. In Europe achieving the same thing would be a bit more difficult, but not impossible, given enough time. The vactrain has many advantages over both trains (speed) and airplanes (shorter boarding time), and - aside from the construction price - one drawback: If the vacuum tube is punctured by e.g. an act of terrorism, the results would be terrible, but not on a 9/11 scale (which is relevant when we are comparing with airplanes).
Interesting. Without getting into how this would just make Sandpoint an extension of Seattle, causing its housing values to skyrocket and the community to therefore suffer in other ways, (it would also be a benefit... the two locations would just diffuse their problems into one another mostly) one would have to have very wealthy people believing they would earn back more than they invest to put such a system in place (in a libertarian approach) OR for a state to determine that this would be a benefit to the whole. So either its going to enable the wealthy to demand a new fee to the lives of those who would use it (and those who cannot come up with that fee get to suffer from the elevated cost of living in their local community) or the state would need to invest. You might have an interesting idea for someone to make some money, but you'd have to already have more money than anyone needs to put such a system in place. And as you explain there are major risks, making the likelihood of such a thing manifesting very unlikely. They've talked about such a tube between Vegas and LA quite frequently but it never does happen.

I assume you were drafted, otherwise this wouldn't make sense at all.
Doesn't matter if one enters slavery willingly or not, it's still slavery. Most slaves in history have been those who have willingly entered slavery due to their economic circumstances in an otherwise libertarian society being too dire to continue to survive - it was most often a form of individual level capitulation to someone who could help you stay alive but would use you to the fullest extent they could imagine. This was what the rise of serfdom in the medieval was all about. The wonders of a system that has very little governmental influence to provide basic protections for human rights.

ut even conscripts are paid, and the government usually wants them in good health, whereas people in forced labor are often kept in much worse conditions, health-wise.
True, slaves are pushed hard but the manner in which slaves are maintained has a lot to do with the wisdom of the owner and a wise owner would keep them as healthy as possible. Like the government does. True, those in the military are paid. Often slaves were given a stipend as well. Not usually one as good as a soldier's but you certainly don't join the military for the money. But what's nice about being in the military is that you don't have to worry about your basic needs. You will always have medical care, always have food, always have a roof over your head and if you didn't want for much you could save nearly every penny you are paid. Thus until recently most soldiers in the US have not even made a minimum wage rate if tallied up.

It's close, but you're right that it's not exactly the same. What IS exactly the same is privatized prison systems, another whopper of a libertarian concept.

I'm not saying that there are no problems, only that there are less problems than with other systems.
Yeah but there are a few 'problems' that black ball a system in my opinion, and the ability for someone to be starve to death on the street (and I commonly see some homeless here in Vegas that are always within days of that fate) unless someone with some wealth takes some pity on them, is not an acceptable degree of 'flaw'.

And the last thing you want is making hiring impossible, for the exact same reasons you give. And this point is only a part of a whole, where you have better schools, less red tape when founding new companies, a much better infrastructure where you can (in the end) seek a job pretty much in the entire country without having to move.
When the wealth divide gets to a critical point, this will begin being the natural conclusion. Why would the rich employ many people when the people in the market have so little to give that hardly any industry can be made profitable?

And please remember that I'm actually against strict IP laws, so building up competition should be easier as well.
Double edged sword there. If you don't have stiff IP laws, then you have NO hope of starting a new business because whatever makes you competitively differentiable from a larger company will simply be adopted overnight and deployed easier by those larger competitors and you will be priced out by a larger investor who has so much capital on hand that they can afford to run in the red for as long as it takes to destroy you... pretty much what Wal-mart did to all local small business competition wherever they setup shop.

which can mean that there is more for everyone
But in practice generally doesn't.

That wasn't really a concern of these governments, was it?
No... which is why there was such a huge uprising against tyranny during the Renaissance,

I just wanted to point out that people freely chose to help other people, although the government was more of a hindrance than a help - these "samaritans" still had to pay their taxes.
You have a lot of faith in charity. But a system that relies on charity is setup for a huge array of fraud and even legal manipulations that amount to corruption. Take for example the companies here in Vegas that make a living calling people to solicit donations for 'charities' and other non-profits. They are required to 'pledge' an amount, say 100k for the year, that they will donate to the non-profit company they are collecting donations for. Once they have collected that amount, all additional amounts collected they get to pocket. The employees making the calls make pretty close to minimum wage of course. So when the company collects some 1 million for the year telling people that they are collecting donations for said non-profit, they give that non-profit 100k, cover their 100k more in expenses such as employees (or less) and the cost of the building and the phone bill and so on, and then they pocket the rest of the 800k that people gave in the name of what they figured was a good cause.

All completely legally because regulations AREN'T in place to enforce a more fair system. But hey, we made more terrible jobs for folks so it must be a good thing.

Just that this revolution was not one of the bloodier ones. It could have been much worse, and we only need to look at France at the same time to see an example.
True. Didn't get that bloody until we decided to commit as much genocide as we could towards the folks who were already here. My point was that revolution and nation building is always a blood soaked prospect.

A - hypothetical - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_society is classless, and this is what communism claimed as its final goal. I admit that I used Lenin's definition, for which I quote https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism:
A classless society would be great but I don't think it can really be done because we are meant to specialize and as soon as we are different from someone else we are classifiable. I don't believe a lot of the values of communism can really be achieved. But I don't blame anyone for recognizing a problem with bourgeois corruption. I don't tend to take the term socialism as being all that related to communism as a movement.

I also do NOT believe that we should pool all possessions. I believe that we need to redistribute raw wealth so as to provide for the needs of the people, needs being defined as NEED, and not want. I personally would not wish to have to take anything from that system if I could help it. I don't usually file for any benefits I could, like food stamps or other. If I don't NEED it, I don't want to take it from a government that could probably use it better elsewhere. And I'd be pretty against any society that believes all you possess is subject to state confiscation. I'm simply talking about the wisest possible, responsible and compassionate application of taxation. Instead, what we get here is a huge amount of social wealth redistribution going to pay for nothing but weapons weapons and more weapons. We're either paranoid or wishing we could be far more hostile and aggressive than we currently can get away with. And we don't care how many citizens we have to bury as long as we have the sustained ability to bully around the rest of the world in the name of 'good' and 'free' democracy. What's so good about it if we're going to just let people die when they are no longer able to add to the GDP? Isn't the point of a military 'defense' of the nation? What are we protecting them from outside countries from when it's our own wealthy that are taking everything the nation has?

Oooooooooooohhhh noooo!!!! The world in 100 years will be completely different. Like.. completely! 100 years ago, there were no smartphones, no AI, no internet, no "real" computers, no airliners, no ubiquitinous cars, no gene technology, no modern healthcare, not even TVs or normal telephones (at least widespread), no widespread household electronics... Technological progress getting faster and faster, the more we know. Our current level of technology helps to build us the next, and the next the one after that. It is increasing at an ever faster pace, that's the law of accelerating returns. You see it in computations per second per constant dollars the best, but it is true for other techs as well. It is fastes in information techologies, and more and more technologies become information technologies: Biotechnology, Manufacturing (3d Printing), Medicine... In 100 years there will be several more doublings in techlevel; it is likely that the jump from now to 2120 is higher than the jump from 10.000 BC to today. It will be vastly faster as most humans will be upgraded and merged with computers (more than we are nowadays with smartphones already), life expectacy will reach it's escape velocity, leading to virtual immortality; VR and reality will merge and become indistinguishable (with ultrasound and more advance techs provide haptic feedback etc). There are sooooo many other areas that will be revolutionized by AI, robotics, nanotechnolgy and biotechnology: Food production (meat grown in labs and automated farm scrapers), communications (via virtual telepathy), transportations (hyperloop style hypersonic trains for example), medicine (prostesis and biotech/nanotech will most likely vipe off diseases and disablilities) and on and on and on.
I wasn't trying to say otherwise. It was proposed that it would take 100 years for human 'work' to be primarily obsoleted. I don't think it will take nearly that long given the rate of speed of automation taking over jobs. And a lot of humans simply aren't smart enough to keep finding more and more complex employment, particularly when education costs are skyrocketing and government is doing less than ever to help people afford these costs. Even then, I know a lot of people who simply wouldn't be able to jump through all the hoops they'd need to jump through to get a degree in anything.

One thing I've found since being a kid though, I always expected we'd be a lot more advanced by now than we actually are.
 
Ok then I misunderstood you.
As a kid: yes. Since you did not now as much about tech then you do now. I found that if scientists say "in a few years", it usually takes longer, but if they say: "In 30 years!" or longer, than it takes less time. People fail to understand exponential growth; their view is linear. For example, when the Human Genome Project was 7 years in, they sequenced 1% of the genome. And people said: They will take 700 years for that!" But it only took 7 more years, since it was doubling every year. "Doubling every year" is a very good estimate for when you deal with computer based stuff.
 
Sure, I don't think most of them are evil. But past a point you get into a social network that believes that the commoner is nothing more than an animal and certainly no more valuable than that. They begin to truly believe they're lives are worth more because they have more 'net worth'. It's probably a hard outlook to avoid. Tends to be only the 'new money' folks object to this viewpoint. When you see things like this, it's not hard to think of most humans as being only valuable if they can provide something for you.
Eh. In my view, even if we assume the rich view the commoners as "animals", if there's no profit (such as, say, enslaving them) than they will ignore them. While it doesn't help the commoners in any way, since there is no need to do things that harm them (why would the factories pollute? Why cause harm?), the commoners in general would still be better off.
The problem is if the rich in this case are evil, and decide to hunt people for sport and other, similar illegal/immoral things.

Double edged sword there. If you don't have stiff IP laws, then you have NO hope of starting a new business because whatever makes you competitively differentiable from a larger company will simply be adopted overnight and deployed easier by those larger competitors and you will be priced out by a larger investor who has so much capital on hand that they can afford to run in the red for as long as it takes to destroy you... pretty much what Wal-mart did to all local small business competition wherever they setup shop.
It depends on the definition of stiff (or the question of, how stiff). I agree that certain IP laws are required for businesses to invest, as inventing something to be utilized by others freely is a problem.
One of the options is secrecy, as if you don't know how to do it- you can't.
But do take into account that many startups never bother to even register patents. If Microsoft (or any other big company) decides to infringe on your patents, you need a few million$ in order to sue them. Most small companies don't have the funds for that. In this case, the IP laws didn't help them much, at all.
Too stiff IP laws are not very good as well. For example, why the hell is there IP on books for life+70+ years in so many places? Now consider it was Company's lifetime+70y (for company's owners..)
 
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But these walls, like any other, craft the flow of human populations and redirect that flow. If we wanted more in and everyone wanted out, you can imaging the walls would be put up for the opposite reason. There's really no right or wrong to it, just the point to be made that governments are managing the herd with such tools.
I think you focus on the wrong point. The walls by themselves are not a good thing, true. But both the common cold and cancer are diseases - it does not mean we should consider them to be the same thing.

So the first thing you turn to is a social program to have the state provide vouchers? You contradict your own philosophy at a fundamental level that displays you recognize need for government services, no matter how you claim that government intervention is always negative. If schools are creating their own curriculum, then how can you ensure that some crazy stuff like flat earth theory isn't being spread about in the local schools? It appears the only thing you're advocating for is to remove the ability to demand a degree of quality. You would have that happen from some public sector controlled testing, but would that not then define the curriculum by defining the exam?
Didn't I already say that this was not completely libertarian? I only claimed that it was a step in the direction to libertarianism, didn't I? And isn't it a step in that direction? This was mostly a response to you saying that anything more libertarian wasn't going to solve the problems. And you want to know how quality is ensured? By people not being animals and using their ******* minds. If you think people must be spoon-fed the good choices, why let them vote at all?

This is also my response to your next point (regarding private exams), and possibly for a fully libertarian solution, where society recognizes that planning a family is a private choice that the state cannot make for any two people, so providing for the kids cannot be the public's responsibility. But you cannot completely replace a system overnight, and people have already planned within the current system. The system must still be reliable, so you can only take baby-steps sometimes.

Interesting. Without getting into how this would just make Sandpoint an extension of Seattle, causing its housing values to skyrocket and the community to therefore suffer in other ways, (it would also be a benefit... the two locations would just diffuse their problems into one another mostly) one would have to have very wealthy people believing they would earn back more than they invest to put such a system in place (in a libertarian approach) OR for a state to determine that this would be a benefit to the whole. So either its going to enable the wealthy to demand a new fee to the lives of those who would use it (and those who cannot come up with that fee get to suffer from the elevated cost of living in their local community) or the state would need to invest. You might have an interesting idea for someone to make some money, but you'd have to already have more money than anyone needs to put such a system in place. And as you explain there are major risks, making the likelihood of such a thing manifesting very unlikely. They've talked about such a tube between Vegas and LA quite frequently but it never does happen.
Infrastructure is ... special. Whenever there is no possibility for competition (unless you want to build many many roads parallel to each other), you lose one of the most important advantages of the free market. Of course the services rendered over the infrastructure can compete with each other (there is no need for a state-controlled logistics service controlling all the trucks). This does not remove the problem that the government is often not the best planner, but unless und until we can replace pretty much any kind of infrastructure (might require teleportation :)), this is a problem we have to live with. And regarding the risks, at least they are lower than with airplanes (you cannot redirect a train, and not a vactrain either), and you might be able to stop all flights over land.

Most slaves in history have been those who have willingly entered slavery due to their economic circumstances in an otherwise libertarian society being too dire to continue to survive
... in an otherwise libertarian society? What society do you have in mind? Rome was such an extremely heavy-handed state that it was almost a blueprint for modern-age fascism.

What IS exactly the same is privatized prison systems, another whopper of a libertarian concept.
How do people get there? By being convicted (I hope - there is such a thing as habeas corpus, isn't there?). And here is the real problem: What happened to the common law concept of a trial by jury, the jury having powers like nullification? What you seem to have now is a strange hybrid of common law/civil law in court where you let the jury decide what could perhaps be better decided by experts (guilt or innocence), but lose the advantage of having a representation of the public present that could respond to an individual case.

Yeah but there are a few 'problems' that black ball a system in my opinion, and the ability for someone to be starve to death on the street (and I commonly see some homeless here in Vegas that are always within days of that fate) unless someone with some wealth takes some pity on them, is not an acceptable degree of 'flaw'.
These problems are very likely worse with the current system (where people lose a lot of money to taxes - including consumption taxes) than in a more libertarian system.

Why would the rich employ many people when the people in the market have so little to give that hardly any industry can be made profitable?
This is a problem of education. See above.

But in practice generally doesn't.
The current system has much more vulnerability for corruption than a system where you don't need many licenses.

You have a lot of faith in charity.
What do you call faith with proof?

I don't usually file for any benefits I could, like food stamps or other.
If we were all angels, the system might work. But libertarianism would also be without drawbacks then, wouldn't it?
 
The longer you keep distracting TB with this
discussion, the longer you will have for the next version :p

:lol:

To get back to what started this thread, what exactly are the mechanics of inflation as of now in the mod?

My suggestions for thinking about/conceptualizing inflation and slavery in the game:

-Inflation is a currency phenomenon. If you have pure barter, there should be no inflation. Once you have currency in the game (as a tech, or rather, a civic), it doesn't matter if you're thinking of shells or rice or beads as the currency, inflation becomes possible.

-There are two "slaverys" in the game. One is the civic, and the other is the whipping mechanic. (You can have the former but not use the latter.)
--The civic: a) I leave it up to the developers :crazyeye: Or b) I would say you basically have a second-class citizen category that the slave-owning class underpays for their labor, and I think this can actually apply to both chattel slavery and other slavery systems where slaves could rise up in the ranks to even prominent societal positions. Some way or other the slave owners are short-changing the slaves somehow, and the easiest way to think about that is simply that the slave owners are underpaying them compared to the true amount of wages (or freedoms) they deserve if they were not slaves but working in the same positions. Underpaying means the prices of goods would be lower than if all the slaves were paid their "true" wages. But deflation/inflation is CHANGE in the price of goods. So the price of goods would be lower in a slave society compared to a non-slave society, but that doesn't necessarily mean that there will be continuous change in the price of goods, which is what inflation/deflation is. So IMHO, the slavery civic should make things "cheaper" for the player to produce - so something like a +x% production boost and a x% discount on unit upgrades. There should be some malus to happiness. I don't know if it makes sense to give maluses to other things like science for having slavery - ancient societies weren't exactly harnessing the common man, even if they weren't slaves, for their brains - that should only come much later in the tech tree. And if you think about societies that allowed slaves to rise up in the societal ranks, those societies could probably have smart slaves, too. (Edit: if you want to think of slavery as short-changing people of their freedoms, I would think of it as slaves being unable to participate in society as much as free people, i.e. they are restricted from spending as much in society. If you restrict a group of people from spending wealth, then the price level of goods may be lower, but again, not necessarily a continuous change in price of goods/inflation/deflation. Restricted freedoms I would say can be proxied with a malus to commerce, if desired.)
--The whipping mechanic: So you use up population to build some production. So imagine you are on an island with 10 people, 10 products, and 10 money. You use up/sacrifice 5 people to produce 10 more products. Now you have 5 people, 20 products, and 10 money. The price of goods overall went from 1 money = 1 good to 1 money = 2 goods. That's deflation, a decrease (change) in the price of goods. If you really want whipping to cause inflation or deflation, I vote for deflation.
-Deflation isn't necessarily good. The mainstream economics understanding of deflation is that it causes people to hold onto money because money buys you more stuff as deflation keeps happening (today, I can buy 1 thing with 1 dollar. Tomorrow, I can buy 2 things with 1 dollar). If people hold onto money, it slows down the economy. As a civ player, that means my society is creating less commerce. So if you want it in the game, deflation should have a malus to commerce OR if you don't want it to be so harsh, just a malus to tax income.
-Buying/hurrying production in a city: So this is a cash injection from the government to society. This should cause inflation. BUT, I think it should be a one-time permanent malus for the player (if that makes sensee). Again, inflation is a change in price of goods, and to hurry production is to cause an increase in the price of goods that one time you push the button to hurry. What I would prefer is that hurrying production by money causes a one-time but permanent increase to costs (e.g. all per turn government costs like city maintenance, unit costs, blabla, as well as things like hurrying production and unit upgrades). So if your per turn cost was 100, hurrying causes that to say go up to 105, but then it stays at 105 for all future turns ceteris paribus (or a +5% increase to costs for all future turns). Which makes me think that using cash to do unit upgrades should also cause inflation.
--But... this gets complicated because above, I said that deflation should cause a malus to commerce, so very mild inflation should then cause a bonus to commerce (which mainstream economics does believe to be true). High inflation though is bad, and hyperinflation is catastrophic. But we want there to be maluses to hurrying production, or else it might be too easy to use? So I say ignore the bonus of mild inflation (just include that as a bonus to commerce in the later economic, capitalism-oriented civics) and assume that hurrying production causes some uncomfortable inflation. Other than the price of goods increasing, inflation leads to imbalances in society: e.g. debtors benefit and lenders lose; people with wealth can survive but people who live day-to-day suffer as food prices increase. So inflation caused by hurrying production/unit upgrades IMHO causes: a) one-time permanent increase to all cost and b) causes unhappiness, especially in the city that production was hurried. Do too much and get hyperinflation. Hyperinflation should greatly increase revolution and disorder risks
---But, in a modern economy, a government can turn back inflation by increasing interest rates or decreasing fiscal spending/increasing taxes. If that is to be implemented in the game, that means the player can "turn back" the inflation caused by hurrying production/unit upgrades by somehow introducing deflationary effects into their economy. Perhaps the player can activate an "increase interest rates" mechanic where for every turn that you activate it, inflation decreases but there is a malus to commerce and science (malus to science represents decreased investment due to high interest rates), or a "decrease fiscal spending/increase taxes" mechanic where for every turn it's activated, inflation decreases but there is a malus to commerce and happiness (make the malus to happiness large if there is a worry that people will always choose this over "increasing interest rates" because few people want to sacrifice science).

Anyway, just my few cents. As mentioned above, I'd love to know the current inflation mechanics :)
 
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If you have pure barter, there should be no inflation.
You are mostly correct. If a good becomes worthless (due to being replaced), people should stop producing it.

The mainstream economics understanding of deflation is that it causes people to hold onto money because money buys you more stuff as deflation keeps happening
Now I'm imagining someone starving to death while they wait for their money to become more valuable. :) Or to put it in a different way: I don't buy it (no pun intended). These effects are grossly exaggerated. Think about the one sector where we have (effectively) a deflation: IT. Imagine how expensive a computer comparable to a mainstream computer of today would have been 20 years ago. If this theory was correct, people would never buy computers - they get constantly better. It's even "worse" with smartphones (with PCs the increase in quality has slowed down a bit), but people still buy them.

Other than the price of goods increasing, inflation leads to imbalances in society: e.g. debtors benefit and lenders lose; people with wealth can survive but people who live day-to-day suffer as food prices increase.
You forgot one: The most important source of inflation is the central bank enlarging the amount of money (the effect is a bit limited today, where regular banks can lend more money than they have - see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional-reserve_banking). If the central bank gives out new money with higher value, the direct recipients of this money (usually creditors of the government, politicians, public servants) get this money first, before the prices have been adapted. Effectively, these people benefit whereas the people who get the "new" money last - after the prices have risen - lose. This effect is very strong in a hyperinflation, where the "winners" I mentioned can become very popular customers.
 
@canexpthat ,

Inflation has went thru some changes since v37, xml and coding (C++).
 
+canexpthat: you make references to the Keynesian economic model. The danger of doing that is that the Keynesian model is ALMOST correct. After much thinking, I concluded that the flaw in Keynes' model is that it artificially separates supply and demand. It makes buyers and producers separate groups of people, while in reality everybody should be both. If you always buy but never produce you should run out of money. You can borrow money to keep buying but loans have to be paid off one day so that's only delaying the fact that for every unit of currency you spend, you must also earn a unit of currency, or your financial situation will become unbalanced. Now this unbalance can also be remedied by various types of theft (and borrowing money and not paying it back is also a kind of theft *cough*Greek Government*cough* but that sours economic relationships because people don't like being stolen from. So people will try to disengage from economic relationships based on theft (if they have the option) and thus you get economic crises.
 
One of Keynes' biggest mistakes is the fact that a producer in the real world cannot respond to a changed situation in a moment. If the demand increases all of a sudden, the suppliers cannot do a lot about it (unless there was "overproduction" to begin with). They have to increase their capacity, they probably have to hire (and train) new people, and (biggest obstacle) their suppliers have to increase their own production. This continues down the entire production line, until all the suppliers can increase their production. Then they can sell their products, and the next step in the production line can ... finally ... start to increase their production, etc. If we're speaking about, say, cars, the entire process can take years, until a stimulus leads to an increased production of a certain good.
 
Now I'm imagining someone starving to death while they wait for their money to become more valuable. :) Or to put it in a different way: I don't buy it (no pun intended). These effects are grossly exaggerated. Think about the one sector where we have (effectively) a deflation: IT. Imagine how expensive a computer comparable to a mainstream computer of today would have been 20 years ago. If this theory was correct, people would never buy computers - they get constantly better. It's even "worse" with smartphones (with PCs the increase in quality has slowed down a bit), but people still buy them.

The effect of deflation isn't most important at the level of buying food. It's at the level of investing in businesses, factories, things like that. For things like IT, you seem to be saying "People shouldn't be buying computers at all if there's deflation." It's not black and white like that. It's more like, deflation = people buy a new computer every 20 months (for example). With inflation = people buy a new computer every 18 months. When the entire economy slows down their purchases by 10%, i.e. if deflation is occurring across the whole economy (outside of necessities like food), you can think of that like a 10%-like slowdown of your economy. That's a real effect - if I'm playing civ, I want to know if there is a + or -10% modifier on my commerce! Also, note that investments are much more sensitive to interest rates/inflation than consumption (think of investments in businesses and factories as the opposite end of the spectrum to food, since the amount of food purchased is probably the least sensitive to inflation). So for example, if food purchases are unaffected but computer purchases slow down by 10%, perhaps investment projects across your economy slow down by 30%. As a civ ruler, I would be concerned about that. Here is a graph made from actual data:

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=hMmu

Everything is quarterly percent change. You can change the date range as you like. (You can go to "Edit Graph" to change the units and stuff, too.) Green is change in prices (inflation/deflation), blue is change in consumption, and red is change in investment. Generally speaking, they tend to move together (inflation with higher consumption and investment), and you can definitely see that investment is more sensitive to conditions than consumption (i.e. a company is willing to delay a big investment into a factory more than a person is willing to delay purchase of food/computers).

However, one caveat is that usually this sensitivity is described as the sensitivity of consumption and investment to interest rates as opposed to inflation. But I'm not sure we need to tackle the complications of inflation and interest rates and all that in a civ mod... Here is the above graph with quarterly Fed Fund Rates added. You can change around the date ranges, too.

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=hMpa

In any case, it's fine if people disagree with this stuff. Still, I would just then advocate that these sorts of mechanics might come into play when you have a capitalism-oriented civic only (if you really want to complicate the civics and economics with inflation).

If the central bank gives out new money with higher value, the direct recipients of this money (usually creditors of the government, politicians, public servants) get this money first, before the prices have been adapted.

It's true that the people who get the "new money" first benefit. But my point wasn't to try to list every single effect of inflation, but to just point out that: "Other than the price of goods increasing, inflation leads to imbalances in society." which does include what you're saying (an imbalance in who gets the money first). What I didn't say clearly is that the point I just wanted to make is that when you have a policy resulting in sudden winners and losers, at least in terms of economics, the belief is that usually losers feel their pain more than winners feel their gain. And with inflation, people who aren't wealthy definitely feel the pain of higher consumption prices while rich people can ride it out. (Additionally, wealthy people who have assets will see their asset values rise with inflation, while people who aren't wealthy usually don't own many assets like that.) So inflation -> imbalances -> unhappiness, in terms of civ gaming. Consumers don't really feel the pain of deflation acutely; it's more about everyone, especially businesses, slowing down their purchases and expectations, so perhaps deflation does't cause any civ unhappiness. The malus to commerce is enough for the ruler to deal with.

---But, in a modern economy, a government can turn back inflation by increasing interest rates or decreasing fiscal spending/increasing taxes.

I forgot to mention, if a government can turn back inflation by increasing interest rates or decreasing fiscal spending/increasing taxes, a government also can fuel inflation by decreasing interest rates or increasing fiscal spending/decreasing taxes (other than hurrying production/injecting new money). While I don't know if this whole mechanic is worth the complications, if it is, it would mainly be a mechanic for when you have a capitalism-oriented civic and after you've built some Central Bank national wonder. One thing to perhaps utilize is that while interest rates can be set very quickly by a central bank, inflation lags interest rates. So perhaps raising/decreasing interest rates causes inflation/deflation to increase by X over the next Y turns. Interest rates/fiscal policy is your steering wheel while inflation/deflation is the big ship you're trying to steer over time.

@canexpthat ,

Inflation has went thru some changes since v37, xml and coding (C++).

Thanks @JosEPh_II ! Is there a way that we could look at it/have the mechanics explained easily? I think it's awesome and ambitious that this mod includes inflation as a mechanic, but as you can see, people have lots of thoughts about it, lol.

Just to clear this up now... whipping slaves no longer affects inflation at all.

Thank you for the info
 
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Thanks @JosEPh_II ! Is there a way that we could look at it/have the mechanics explained easily? I think it's awesome and ambitious that this mod includes inflation as a mechanic, but as you can see, people have lots of thoughts about it, lol.

It's not easy to explain. There are core modifiers for inflation. One of the 1st is the Game Speed (GS for short) you choose to play, ie C2C's game speeds are; Normal, Epic, Marathon, Snail, Eon, and Eternity. Now all of our GS are much longer than vanilla BtS. Our Normal is ~1000 turns (iirc 1005?), Epic is ~2000, Marathon is 3350, Snail is 5025(?), Eon is ~6550, and Eternity is 8250. Each of these GS iInflationModifier is scaled by # of turns. Each GS also has a set # of turns at start of game in Prehistoric Era where inflation is "blocked" called an offset. Usually by Tribalism, for each GS, inflation starts.

The 2nd place where inflation is a main modifier is your Handicap Difficulty setting. The easier the Difficulty ie Settler Difficulty your GS inflation rate is actually decrease by a rather large % (40% iirc). As you go up in difficulty the inflation rate gets closer to the GS set rate in 5 % increments. At Deity you have the full GS rate, 100%. Nightmare Deity, a game set up Option, increases the GS rate by a full 80% (180%). That's one of the reasons it's called Nightmare!

Next , as you progress thru the Eras and Civics achieved there are many civics that can also give or reduce the inflation rate.

This is the core way inflation is put into and manipulated in this Mod. And I'm sure I left something out too! :p
 
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Here is a graph made from actual data
Two points:
  • They point out themselves that the index isn't a very reliable indicator of inflation (of course it's good that they say that). Another (perhaps less arbitrary) measurement would be the money supply (e.g. M2).
  • Correlation is not causation. It's rather hard to prove causation that way - although not impossible (A => B is equivalent to NOT (A AND NOT B) - don't forget possible delay effects)
Additionally, it's not a very strong correlation. I know that we cannot expect a 5 sigma confidence level in economics, but a true cause and effect relationship should be more visible.
 
To get back to what started this thread, what exactly are the mechanics of inflation as of now in the mod?
C2C hasn't changed much about the inflation mechanic from vanilla BtS.
After a set amount of turns have passed, inflation will start to increase every time you click on the end turn button, this is vanilla mechanics.
In C2C there is a temporarily increase in inflation from hurrying production with gold (not vanilla). Inflation increases by 1% each time you hurry something, the percentage that build up from this is reduced by 1% each X amount of turns based on gamespeed. so if you hurry 10 times during 1 turn it may take a 100 turns before those 10% of inflation have been removed.

Another non-vanilla thing is that civics can influence inflation rate in C2C. I haven't looked into how this works exactly, so can't really provide you more details atm.

Deflation is not really a mechanic in vanilla nor in C2C.

That's it.
 
This is the core way inflation is put into and manipulated in this Mod.

Thanks very much!

Two points:
  • They point out themselves that the index isn't a very reliable indicator of inflation (of course it's good that they say that). Another (perhaps less arbitrary) measurement would be the money supply (e.g. M2).
  • Correlation is not causation. It's rather hard to prove causation that way - although not impossible (A => B is equivalent to NOT (A AND NOT B) - don't forget possible delay effects)
Additionally, it's not a very strong correlation. I know that we cannot expect a 5 sigma confidence level in economics, but a true cause and effect relationship should be more visible.

I'm not sure I agree with the money supply, but would rather choose velocity of money as a measure/proxy for inflation. Here is the same graph with velocity of M2 added:

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=hMwb

Anyway, I don't think this is the place to try to prove causation in economics... But you gotta start somewhere with data, or else it's just people's opinions going around in circles.

I think it's awesome and ambitious that the mod has inflation in it. But as of now, inflation only hurts the player over time, when in reality - setting aside the relationship between inflation/deflation and economic growth that we've been arguing about - inflation is caused by the government injecting brand new money (and people can agree at least on that being true) into society, then the player should have first either obtained this new money from somewhere or printed money, and then spent it for inflation to take place. Once you spend the free/new money, inflation then hurts you in the future. This IMHO is the simplest and easiest way to understand/implement a concept of inflation. Tax revenue you've extracted out of your civ isn't free or new money in the same way (that's "old money" because it's money that has already existed in your civ). What I mean by free or new money is something like: E.g. a) gold you found in a village hut, obtained from another civ, or some new source of gold like from gold/silver mines if you have a precious metal currency civic (new money) or b) money you print out of nowhere in a fiat currency civic (free money). The historical example of Mansa Musa and his gold would be the former example.

I think the mod should draw upon what schools of thought and history think of certain systems of society. We think of capitalism as striving towards growth and efficiency while leaving gaps that cause inhumane conditions for people who aren't wealthy, so the mod should draw upon that (e.g. more commerce, more unhappiness). We think of communism as emphasizing physical industry and agriculture but unable to motivate people to innovate in the way an entrepreneurial capitalism would, so the mod should draw upon that (e.g. more production and food, less science). I don't think we need to try to get to the truth of these systems here (because that's impossible), but rather, apply what society and history (or wikipedia) generally believe to be true about these systems, both the good and the bad, to make a believable, immersible civic/mechanics.

C2C hasn't changed much about the inflation mechanic from vanilla BtS.
After a set amount of turns have passed, inflation will start to increase every time you click on the end turn button, this is vanilla mechanics.
In C2C there is a temporarily increase in inflation from hurrying production with gold (not vanilla). Inflation increases by 1% each time you hurry something, the percentage that build up from this is reduced by 1% each X amount of turns based on gamespeed. so if you hurry 10 times during 1 turn it may take a 100 turns before those 10% of inflation have been removed.

Another non-vanilla thing is that civics can influence inflation rate in C2C. I haven't looked into how this works exactly, so can't really provide you more details atm.

Deflation is not really a mechanic in vanilla nor in C2C.

That's it.

This is really helpful. Thanks very much!
 
I think it's awesome and ambitious that this mod includes inflation as a mechanic, but as you can see, people have lots of thoughts about it, lol.
C2C inherited the system of inflation and any additional complexities to it in the Advanced Economy option. In vanilla, it was a mechanic that was nearly impossible to get any in-game information on and some improvements were made there at some stage (again, part of the mods leading to C2C.)

I have never looked under the hood at inflation. But I do suspect that it could be an interesting place to complexify if you were a very good economist and programmer willing to do so. I like that you distinguish that injections of $ into the system from NEW money (not existing money being rerouted) has an impact on it.

One thing I've observed from working in the Mortgage industry is that it appears to me that the demand for housing and existing inventory (supply and demand of land and residence) has a very central impact on inflation across the board, as does supply and demand factors on finite energy sources. As demand begins to press supply, the prices of these things go up. Given that the pricing of goods and services can largely be fundamentally influenced by these two things (warehousing of products is cost dependent on the local value of a square foot for example, and shipping costs are heavily influenced by fuel costs, the utility prices greatly impact profitability of numerous businesses that rely on a lot of power, etc...) inflation seems to take place one excuse at a time, with the growth of demand or the diminishing of these fundamental supplies, much of everything else tends to be mostly influenced by these key drivers. Interest rates have an influence, sure, but it's only an influence in the willingness to loan, and a lot of societal activity is driven by need rather than by willingness.

In Vegas we're experiencing an economic boom in the housing market, which is largely to say that the values are going up quick. The reason for that is due to a very limited inventory of homes and the Raiders football team coming in, along with some other driving factors. People are having a very hard time shopping for homes because homes are going on the market and staying there for only a few days before being purchased for a premium price. This is causing rentals to go up all across the city as well, because they can. Food's going up quick too. As a result, we're getting a lot of inflation all in all. The raising of interest rates has done nothing but stop people from refinancing and has made the cost of living higher for those who do purchase. That's pretty much it.
 
I'm curious about this
Just to clear this up now... whipping slaves no longer affects inflation at all.
In the previous versions, if you use slave units to increase city population and them you whipe you are increasing inflation, but do traders, great characters and slaves increase inflation if they are use directly (I don't think so, but I'm not sure)?
It would be interesting if it is otherwise, actually traders tend to lower prices through offer-demand equilibrium and the destruction of potential monopolies.
Edit: To make it clear I'm just speculating, inflation is a national property not a local one.
 
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