Brazil is of course mandatory. Kind of weird for me to see people see Brazil as not a priority.
Well, to be honest Brazil has never been very influential in global politics, economy, science and so on. I mean, until 30s it had smaller population than Poland and like 4-5 times smaller than US (and around 15 times smaller economy). Until 2001 it also produced less scientific publications than Poland, for example. It is not poor but also not rich country by any measure.
I am generally fan of Brazil due to it being by far the coolest and strongest representative of Latin America, but it doesn't surprise me there are many people who don't see it as necessary.
African civilization is hard to talk about. Colonialism was, to say the least, really harsh and the continent still suffer consequences from this.
To be honest, Subsaharan Africa was stuck at semi-medieval level even before colonialism, so it's not like colonialism ruined some golden age. It was also insanely divided between literally thousands of ethnic groups so actually it would be impossible to make "nice looking ethnic states" here anyway. Ethiopia was never colonized and it is still incredibly poor. But yeah, colonialism didn't help, and none of modern African countries really qualifies.
I am all for Argentina, Kazakhstan and Algeria, but the last two are mostly desert area.
Argentina is culturally interesting but otherwise it always seemed to me as a strangely boring country for Civ. It is basically an amalgam of few European nations who emigrated to the end of the world and just kind of lived here in moderate prosperity. Not exactly a gripping, heroic tale. At least Australia and Canada bled in both world wars and are very highly developed and powerful.
Algeria is "mostly desert" but its North is very densely inhabited, urbanized and home to 40 milion people, the bigger problem is it always had secondary, peripheral role even im Maghreb not to mention rest of the world. Islamic Maghreb was always poltiically dominated by Morocco and intelectually by Andaluzja, Algeria really doesn't have that major rolę here and I'd see one of former as repesting in every game, but not Algeria.
Kazachstan, I honestly don't know why would you ever like to include it. It is incredibly sparsely populated wasteland, a modern construct, with really not very big impact on the world, with very small population for such large area, and completely dominated by Russian imperial history. Even its main cities were built by Russian Empire and are not ancient. Kazachstan was basically never heart od steppe empires because it's almost the least fertile part of already empty Central Asia.