I have done Persia without cheating, although it needs a perfect start:
-no spearmen in india and babylon
-babylon declares war, so you get additional troops
-a lot of luck on the combat odds
You need to take babylon with your initial immortals and india with the bonus immortals from the dow by baylon - so parallel war on two fronts in order to avoid spearmen or to many archers. After that its mostly spamming of troops to defend from the barbarians.
Mathematics is the only tech i got (catapults). With those i took egypt and greece afterwards. Settle anatolia (if gordion or hattusas are razed) and india and capture or settle smarkand for the 8%.
The great lighthouse is inevitable for the commerce. I finally got currency during the golden age in turn 151, so i could switch to money production and avoid the disbanding of my troops.
In the end it's all about getting a decent start and reach currency before you run out of money for your troops, but it is doable. The shrines and wonders are no problem at all.
I admit that i used a lot of reloads, because you operate at the very minimum of troops and i had to go back and whip a spearman or two for some incoming horse archers, which you always notice to late
