But the Hadith wasn't the divine revelation, now was it? My Islamic Theology may be a tad off, but Mohammad wasn't privy to any more divine knowledge than what is in the Qu'ran.
The hadiths are basis for the islamic law, besides Al-Qur'an.
Of course it is how you interpret it. I could interpret Christianity as advocating a communist revolution. That doesn't mean the interpreation is right.
In this case, certain passages of Al-Qur'an were interpreted in a certain way for centuries, so while the interpretation may not be "right", it is traditional.
The war against Mecca was a defensive one. I don't remember the exact passages but Mohammad repetedly emphasised peace and tolerance once the war was over and the war should be over once the immediate objectives were achieved.
Defensive? Are you kidding? Muhammad was attacking the caravans of Meccans, and eventually conquered this city. Of course, Meccans did counter-attack and even besieged Yathrib.
If anything, Christianity is a bit worse with regards to appropriating holy buildings.
how so?
I find most of that a bit odd. Old ones were repaired as I'm almost certain that the Church of the Holy Apostles was repaired during Ottoman rule.
It was? I believe that, while Mehmet Fetih let the patriarch keep this church, this quarter of the city was settled with muslims, and anyway some body of a muslim was found next to the church, so the patriarch let the church go and moved elsewhere, and the church was destroyed as it was already falling into a ruin, while a fameous mosque was built on its place. I don't see when this church was repaired. (this is the story I recall from Runcinman's book)
Yes, churches were sometimes repaired, which was officially illegal.
Furthermore, the showing of religous symbols outside was not that common as the icons were all on the inside.
There were crosses, statues of saints...
Any source?
Just read any book on this subject, Tritton's or some more modern.
in the internet:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pact_of_Umar_II
His conditions are simply his opinion. It is like assuming Lutherans hate Jews just because Luther did.
No it isn't, as such treatment of dhimmis is part of shari'a and influences modern radical islamism. Khomeini, for example.
While the conditions of tolerance definitly varied; from quite decent under the Ummayads to down-right crappy under the Almohavids, it was on the whole better than Europe for a long time.
In what sense was condition of Jews in Europe worse than christians in the muslim world? What laws were they subject to in Europe they or christians were not in the muslim Middle East?
In my opinion, it often indeed was, because all this "they killed Jesus" stuff. But it was not always so. First pogroms are late X century. There were anti-jewish laws in canons of certain late-antiquity synods and in late antiquity imperial law (which are in fact similar to what muslims later introduced towards non-muslims: in late antiquity they were de iure forbidden to build new synagogues or repair old ones, to buy slaves and were obliged to dress in a specific way, to marry christian women (all exactly as in later muslim law) - then there's a long gap until Lateran IV, or so it seems.
I'm not denying there were Pogroms in the Muslim world. But Poland had their fair share of pogroms and Russia had the Pale settlements.
Polish laws concerning Jews were, since Middle Ages, more lenient than shari'a.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statute_of_Kalisz
The number of pogroms in Poland was not great.
And if I remember correctly, Al-Hakim was insane and he was quickly deposed.
Al-Hakim may have been mentally disturbed, but his policy was logical, and his anti-christian decisions were popular in his society. Al-Qalanisi, a muslim historian, mentions that, when he had the Church of the Holy Sepulchre destroyed, muslims held thanksgiving prayers. Another historians mentions the text of sermon a certain leader of arabic tribe held when he mentioned the name of Al-Hakim instead of Al-Qadir (the abbasid caliph) in his prayers, which seems to glorify this deed (it was at the year of the destruction I believe, and he mentioned "the destruction of the fundaments of the idolatry", or something like this, I believe it is a reference to destruction of Holy Sepulchre, but I may be wrong.
In fact, his policy was so popular that Al-Qadir, the abbasid caliph, felt forced to remind the special garment law twice as well.
he was not "quickly deposed", he reigned for 26 years.
Any source on the special garments and on firing the non-muslisms?
If you need proof for it, you know nothing in this subject, but it clearly shows the lack of symmetry between the knowledge of christian treatment of their minorities and muslim ones. I've mentioned the book of Tritton (the title goes I believe "the caliphs and their non-muslim subjects"), there are arabic works on this subject but I think you do not read arabic. There are works of Joseph Nasrallah I believe (in french), Koscielniak (in polish), by miss Edde (french) and so on. Also, you can read the relations of european voyagers to the Middle East to find that christians and jews wore a special colour (originally Al-Mutawakkil made them wear honey colour, Al-Hakim prefered them to wear black, as it was the colour of Abbasids, and later on, it seems, it was different in every city.
On the firing of non-muslim officials - the same. this is basic knowledge in this subject.
I've actually written my thesis about the situation of christians under Al-Hakim, so I do know what I'm saying.
I agree that the tolerance ranged from decent to crappy. But to assert Islam is inherently intolerant and 'kill the infidel' is a misrepresentation of the situation.
Huh? Did I ever say that? I am only saying that the statements about islamic tolerance are bloated, and in reality it was on a level comparable to christian Europe.
Is that in any way a uniquely Muslim habit? Roman Christians many pagan temples into Churches, many other holy sites had churches constructed upon them, and medieval Christians were just as willing to convert mosques into Churches as vice versa. To be quite honest, this seems like a comment on the greater military success of Islamic rulers, rather than any peculiar trait of Islam.
No it isn't. Read my posts carefully, if you wish to comment on them. I claim muslims were no different from christians, not that they were worse.