Flag of the National Islamic Republic of Iran:
Government of the National Islamic Republic of Iran:
The newly constituted National Islamic Republic represents a revolutionary advance in the systems by which nations govern themselves. The new government is a popularly elected representative Republic, grounded in the teachings of Muhammed and in Qu'ranic Law. The Republic seeks to empower and fairly represent every Iranian citizen, while the implementation of Islamic law seeks to return morality, justice, and reason to Iran; the Islamic Republic is truly a system of government by and for the people, empowered by both the voice of the people and the voice of Allah.
The government consists of three branches: the Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary. The Executive is embodied in the Ra'is-e Jomhour, the President and Supreme Executive. To empower the Iranian people while still protecting them from corruption and ignorance, candidates for the Presidency are chosen the elected Legislators, and then voted on by the people in open elections. The Legislature comprises the Majles, or Parliament. The Majles is a popularly elected multiparty 200-seat Parliament, elected by proportional representation, which is responsible for drafting and legislating all secular laws for the Republic. The Judiciary is headed by the Council of Experts, a body of 25 highly learned and respected Islamic clerics, responsible for interpreting the Shari'a (the body of Islamic law) and Constitution. The Executive is the most empowered of all branches, its powers endowed upon one Representative of the People, the Ra'is-e Jomhour, who is at once Head of State, Head of Government, Chief Executive, Commander-in-Chief, Head of Party, and Protector of Islam, and who also has wide-ranging (but balanced) legislative and judicial powers. Despite this favor towards the Executive, the government is quite balanced, and has eliminated corruption, despotism, and the other failings of unenlightened human government which plague the so-called democracies and socialist republics.
Ra'is-e Jomhour (President): Davud Monshizadeh (National Islamic Republican Party)
Representation in Majles (Parliament): 75% NIRP, 10% Social Reform Party, 10% Social Democratic Party, 5% Coalition for the Modernization of Persia
The National Islamic Republican Party:
The NIRP was founded in 1943 by Davud Monshizadeh and a number of close associates in Abadan. The Party put forward candidates in both the 1945 and 1950 Parliamentary "elections" staged by Shah Pahlavi. During both campaigns, the Shah's secret police suppressed the Party and prevented it from effectively rallying support for its cause. The Shah's secret police also harassed Party members and dissuaded its supporters from voting, going so far as to arrest Monshizadeh and imprison him for 1 year, during which he wrote his political manifesto, entitled "My Vision: The Glorious Future of Islamic Republicanism in Iran." The book became wildly popular in anti-British, anti-Communist, radical Republican, Fundamentalist Islamic, and other underground circles, with its fiercely nationalistic rhetoric and powerfully moving promise of a brighter future for a new Iran. Upon his release, Monshizadeh set out to recruit these underground elements into his party, unifying the disparate reform and rightist political organizations under a single banner. He made contacts with important members of the Islamic clergy, becoming close friends with Grand Ayatollah Mostafavi Kashani and other high-ranking clerics. In 1953, the Party reorganized, establishing a purely political element (the current NIRP), and a paramilitary element (the Advance Guards of the Glorious Islamic Revolution). The Pahlavi government took great pains to suppress the militant arm, with good success; however, they still remained as a strong-arm force for the Party, if needed. Under Monshizadeh's charismatic leadership, the NIRP's message and core principles -- modernizing Iran's economy and military, ensuring Iran's independence from foreign domination, returning to traditional Islamic values, purifying Iran of corrupting elements, uniting the Iranian-speaking peoples, and increasing democratic representation -- reached millions of Persians and won the Party wide support. Even with the Shah's best efforts to suppress the Party faithful, the NIRP won some 75 of 100 seats in the royally dominated sham Parliament in the 1955 elections. Popular myth has it that Monshizadeh himself personally overcame twenty Royal bodyguards and personally deposed the Shah, armed with nothing but courage and a Qu'ran, to establish the National Islamic Republic. National records show, however, that the Shah in truth voluntarilly abdicated when he realized he had lost control over his toy Parliament, and promptly turned himself over to the proper authorities.