"From Lenin to Ben Laden : The Great Revolt against Individualism", Pierre Clermont (2004).
In the 18th Century, Russia became part of the Great European Powers, and since then, Westerners get used to consider Russia as belonging to their world and their culture. Scared to be seen as oriental barbarians, Russians did everything to reinforce and spread such a reputation. But we must not forget that Russia is also the country of "Potemkine Villages" : the stunning façade given to western visitors of Russian elites, westernized, polished, aware of noble customs, of languages, of European culture, has always hidden the deep truth of the country.
It's impossible to reduce Russia to its European dimension. That country also have deep Asian roots. It has even been physically incorporated to Asia during two centuries and a half. The Russian State is deeply inspired of its Mongol invader, which is, by the way, the one which has given birth to Russia. Europe has never known a state organized in such a way. It's impossible to know well the Russian state without considering the Mongol rule at its roots. Ethnically, religiously and linguistically speaking, Russia belongs to Europe, but polically and structurally speaking it is deeply Central Asian. Of course Europe doesn't end at the East of Vienna like Metternich said in a joke, but it's sure Europe ends in Russia, and that that country never fulfilled completely the path to become an integrated member of it.
That's why, even if its elites have always attempted to give of Russia a European image, relations between the Western World and Russia had never been like if it was between two similar powers, based on a same culture and on same values and references. It's an external relationship, composed among different systems, and focused on two opposed feelings : Russia is deeply fascinated by the wealth, the power, the culture of the Western World ; however, Russia has always rejected its individualism, its capitalism, its liberalism. That's the reason why, since Peter the Great, Russian leaders have always dissociated these two aspects of the European civilization : the one they agree with and the one they don't agree with. And that's why Russia has always used the first one to fight better the second one.