2.) He was playing with Heroes/Legends on, and was able to grab both the resource planting hero and the resource eliminating hero. Without these, he would have had to reallocate a LOT of his resources away from faith and tourism generation and towards military conquest in order to achieve the level of luxury monopolizing that he had.
3.) While this is a fair tactic and quite achievable on deity, he had both secret societies and heroes on, went Voidsingers and took the Reliquaries belief. That belief may now need to be nerfed, as it originally gave a strong (300%) bonus towards something that was extremely difficult to come by - you'd be lucky to get one from a hut, maybe one if the right great general was in the lineup, if one particular city state was in the game and you found them before discovering too many of the natural wonders (and even then it provides 3 or 4 at best), or by suiciding apostles provided they have the right promotion available (which there are a few ways of ensuring.) And that's it, originally there were no other methods of getting relics. Now with these two game modes active, you get one every time your hero retires, and you can bring them back for presumably more (don't know, I don't play with heroes) and industrial level voidsingers provides a method of getting basically unlimited relics of the void (which his game was over before he had the opportunity to exploit.)
I've won early tourism with the heroes + reliquaries tourism combo alone. The AI doesn't pursue heroes aggressively, and if you snag a number you have tons of early tourism (they are 10 tourism each base iirc). I didn't even have secret societies. That sounds almost like more of the culprit.