Norse mythology part II: A war and the consequences thereof.

Richard Cribb

He does monologues
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Nov 5, 2003
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And so, finally the second part. My apologies for delays, but sometimes my dance-card is quite full, and then certain things have to be put on ice for a while. But enough about that, here it is, I will try to post part three before Christmas.
As usual any comments, constructive critique and questions are welcome.

A WAR AND THE CONSEQUENCES THEREOF.

When the world is young, everything must be learned. Nothing is fixed yet, everything can still change.
The humans learn about love and friendship, but they also learn about hate and deceit.
In these mythic times a man can have many wives, and a woman also doesn't have to keep to one man. This is how it is among the humans - and the gods are no exception.

Odin is married to Frigg. With her he begets the son Balder.

Frigg-1.jpg


Frigg

With another female, Jord, he begets the son Tor.
And with the giant woman Grid, the son Vidar. Yes, the giants might be enemies, but the sexual allure of their women might sometimes be too great a temptation...
And sometimes friendships with them are possible as well. Like with Loki, the son of the giant Fårbaute. Loki becomes Odin's friend and settles down in Asgard
Odin has created a world he doesn't understand. So to learn more he becomes a wanderer. In many a disguise he walks around in the world, talking with animals and people, witches and giants.

Rackham-Odhinn-1.jpg


Odin the wanderer
As mentioned, there are other gods in the world than the Aesir, there are those living in the fortress Vanaheim.
They call themselves Vanir. And they seem to be more connected to the plants and animals than the Aesir are.
They help the farmers, and they also have friendly relations with the elves.
Even if they seem peaceful, Odin doubts that there is room for two families of gods in the world.
He realizes that there might come a time when the Aesir and Vanir will stand up against each other, deciding which side should have the hegemony. He also realizes that knowledge is power.
So his travels lead him to Jotunheim. Rumours say that, Mimir, the wisest of all beings resides there. It is dangerous, but the brave Odin doesn't shy away from it, and he succeeds in finding Mimir, and revealing the secret of his knowledge.
It is a well. The water in Mimir's well is such that every time one drinks it, one becomes a bit wiser.

Mimir-1.jpg


Mimir and his well


At first Mimir denies Odin to drink from it. Threats and promises are to no avail. Odin is still a young god, not yet Allfather, and not secure in his own strength.
But finally Mimir names his prize. If Odin will give him one of his eyes, he can drink as often and as much as he wants.
Such is Odin's thirst for knowledge that he immediately tears out an eye, bends down and starts to drink.
Now Mimir understands who he has in front of him. And being wise, he understands what will become of Odin. So he decides to become his friend and counsellor.

0012.jpg

Gullveig

And then one day a great war breaks out between the Aesir and the Vanir.
It starts with the visit of Gullveig in Asgard. Gullveig might have been one of the Vanir, or at least related to them.
As might be deduced from her name (gull = Norse for gold), Gullveig loves gold. To the point of obsession. She talks of nothing else.Her eyes are filled with greed. And so persuasive is she that the Aesir starts to be carried away themselves.They realize that she is dangerous, and that the world would be a better place without her. So they resort to strong measures. First they pierce her with spears. Then three times they burn her in a magical fire. Each time she is reborn.
They are unable to destroy her because she is a master of black magic, something the Aesir have not mastered.
The Vanir, otherwise peaceful, demand reparations for these acts. Instead the Aesir declare war.
In the beginning, the Vanir get the upper hand, using magic. But the Aesirs are able to strike back. The war leads to huge losses on both sides.
Finally the fighting parties realize that this might get out of hand. Negotiations are started. Finally peace ensues, granting the Vanir equal rights.
To make sure that the peace will last, the two parties make an exchange. To Asgard comes Njord, one of the most prominent Vanir. He comes with his children Frey and Freya while Høner and Mimir go to Vanaheim.
Both parties also want to show how important the peace is for them so they honour their new inhabitants. The three Vanir are granted equal rights as the Aesir, while the Vanir give Høner the status of chief.
Through the three Vanir the Aesir learn a lot. The Vanir have some strange customs. It is still common among them that siblings marry. The mother of Frey and Freya is for instance Njord's sister.
They also learn about their magic; seid.



Njord knows many things. He controls the wind, the sea and the fire. He can give luck to fishermen and hunters and he can also bring wealth.
Caselli-Niordhr.jpg


Niord

Frey has even greater powers. He can create any weather he wants. He rules over everything growing. He is also the bringer of happiness and peace.

Freyr-1.jpg


Frey


But the mightiest is the beautiful Freya. When she cries, her tears are made of gold.She is not only a master in magic, but even more the goddess of love. And in the universe, no power is greater than love.

Freyia-1.jpg


Freya


Odin is impressed by the knowldge those three possess. But equally impressed is the giant son Loki with whom Odin has mixed blood.
Loki is not one who can be trusted. He is handsome. But he is also cunning and even malicious. He has a way with twisting words to turn everything in his favour. And while he already knew some magic, the new knowledge he aquires makes him dangerous.

Caselli-Loki.jpg


Loki


And while Loki has Odin's friendship there is another one that from the beginning will opposed to him, Odin's son Tor.
Tor does not possess Odin's wisdom. He is much simpler, easy to trick, and has difficulties to control his angry temper. However he also has a strict sense of justice, and he is the champion of the weak.
Every time the giants break into Midgard, it is Tor that comes to the human's rescue. For he is huge, brave and strong. And when he puts on his belt, his strength is doubled.The giants fear Tor, and rightly so.

Thorr-1.jpg


Tor
Tor hates deceit. Probably this is why Loki finds pleasure in trying to hurt exactly him. One of his pranks will have a great importance for the Aesir.
But more about that next time.:)
 
Good job sir! This is very accessible for anyone reading. And that is down to your style of presentation. I got a much better sense of the characters involved in this article, compared with the first one.

I'd like to know more abouyt Mimir and his well and also Freya, of course!
 
Rambuchan said:
Good job sir! This is very accessible for anyone reading. And that is down to your style of presentation. I got a much better sense of the characters involved in this article, compared with the first one.
Thanks a lot. :)

I'd like to know more abouyt Mimir and his well and also Freya, of course!
I'll bet you would know more about Freya, you old dog you!:lol:
Just stay tuned and eventually more will be revealed, this is a soap as good as any of them!
 
:worship: :worship:

This is very interesting. I'm not so good at giving out complements, but let it suffice to say that today I signed up for a Norwegian Mythology and Literature just so I could learn more about this stuff.

However, there may be a downside to this for you, luceafarul.... I'm probably going to bug you occasionally with a mythology question or two! :lol:

I'll let you know exactly what texts we'll be using once I get them.. something like 8 or 9 books accompany the course.
 
Fifty said:
:worship: :worship:

This is very interesting. I'm not so good at giving out complements, but let it suffice to say that today I signed up for a Norwegian Mythology and Literature just so I could learn more about this stuff.
Thank you, sir! :)
And let me compliment you on a good decision!:goodjob:

However, there may be a downside to this for you, luceafarul.... I'm probably going to bug you occasionally with a mythology question or two! :lol:
:lol: As I said in my first installment, I am not a real expert on this, but I am quite good at reading, so just bring it on!

I'll let you know exactly what texts we'll be using once I get them.. something like 8 or 9 books accompany the course.
8-9 books? Quite impressive. I use original texts and a few on Scandinavian languages, and I wouldn't be surprised if you will have access to some titles I never heard of, so thanks again, I would be quite interested.
 
Great stuff again Mr Lightbringer!

And again I realize where Tolkien found inspiration for certain things.

And if I'm not much mistaken, the missing eye of Odin turned up in one of the cumulative pm-based quizzes...

@ Fifty: nice to see that people care about our "cultural heritage". :thumbsup:
 
thetrooper said:
Great stuff again Mr Lightbringer!
Thank you sir:) ; a pity only that it doesn't attract the masses. For the next installment I will probably somehow fit the name Hitler into the title of the thread...:lol:

And again I realize where Tolkien found inspiration for certain things.
I would be grateful if you went more into detail on this if possible, since my knowledge of Tolkien is far from impressive.

And if I'm not much mistaken, the missing eye of Odin turned up in one of the cumulative pm-based quizzes...
Bravo!:goodjob:

@ Fifty: nice to see that people care about our "cultural heritage". :thumbsup:
Agreed. We oldies don't have to worry so much about the future when we know that there are people like him to keep up the flame.:)
 
luceafarul said:
I would be grateful if you went more into detail on this if possible, since my knowledge of Tolkien is far from impressive.

The most obvious: Middle Earth (Midgard).

Have you found any references to rings in your material?

Völuspá contains many dwarves named in The Hobbit, Durin the most famous among them.

I'll get back to this later, that's a promise.
 
thetrooper said:
The most obvious: Middle Earth (Midgard).
Yes.:)

Have you found any references to rings in your material?
No. I haven't been looking for it, since quite frankly I am not so fond of Tolkien. Feel free to regard this as one of my (many) flaws.

Völuspá contains many dwarves named in The Hobbit, Durin the most famous among them.
Exactly. Völuspá is a great poem, or what do you think`?

I'll get back to this later, that's a promise.
Is it too much to ask for to make you write an article about this? In that case, at least sprinkle these pages with your wisdom - you have at least one loyal student...:)
 
luceafarul said:
I would be grateful if you went more into detail on this if possible, since my knowledge of Tolkien is far from impressive.

Tolkien read all the Norse Sagas in the original. He taught old English at Oxford IIRC, and he would have loved a poem like Beowulf in Old English, however his real passion were the Viking sagas. He was very good with old languages. In fact he also studied Latin, which was a large influence on him as well, in addition to the Norse language. I think he basically invented his own languages for his private mythology based on Latin and Norse (I'm sorry, but I'm not sure about the correct term to use here: were the Sagas written in Old Norse?) . We can definitely say the influence of Norse mythology, history and language was monumental to Tolkien's literary creation, without a doubt.
 
a pity only that it doesn't attract the masses.
The masses are just too lazy to post a "read and approved" post. ;)

The Norse sagas has some magic rings in them, IIRC Loki steals some from a couple of dwarven smiths.

Gandalf is the name of a dwarf, a name that pops up in a certain trilogy...

@jonatas: the elven languages are mostly based on Finnish. :)
 
luceafarul said:
Is it too much to ask for to make you write an article about this? In that case, at least sprinkle these pages with your wisdom - you have at least one loyal student...:)

Yes, that's too much to ask for right now my friend. Besides, I'm leaving CFC for a while.

Anyway, I believe that the rings are called Draupnir and Andvarinaut. This is just second-hand info though.

And... looking at the wanderer Odin above, who does not think of Gandalf?

Mimir's well - Galadriel's mirror?

Loki - Grima Wormtongue?
He has a way with twisting words to turn everything in his favour.
Oh, I forgot Loki is an angel banished from heaven for directly disobeying a divine mandate. ;) You do remember Bartleby and Loki of course?

IIRC the LOTR movie crew had Old Norse in mind when they created the Rohirrim (the identifying instrument for the Rohirrim is Hardingfele). Based on impulses from Tolkien or just a coincidence?

I have an article about this (Tolkien-Norse Mythology) buried somewhere in the attic. I'll write down the essentials (id est: journal, publication year, etc) if I find it again. I must add that if you look up the definition of chaos, there is a picture of my attic next to the text. :D
 
Ah Mimir, now i know where that name comes from! Heard it in another context. I can't wait for the rest of the saga, as my knowledge of norse mythology is not very profound. :)
 
Excellent article, luceafarul! Thank you very much for the effort. :goodjob:

Do you by chance have any specific book(s) on Norse mythology you'd recommend (preferably in the sense of a general overview)? I'd loved that genre when I was much younger, and it would be interesting to revisit it.

Based on the spinoff conversation of Tolkein referencese, here's what I'd just stumbled onto (awesome site btw - full of transcriptions of ancient texts, with the linked page being texts alluded to in Tolkein's work (many indeed being Norse and affirming information others have already put forth)): link

Spoiler Tolkein influences :
J.R.R. Tolkiens' Middle Earth did not come out of thin air. Tolkien, an academic linguist, drew on the following source materials to inspire his world-building exercise. The texts presented at this site are complete and in some cases in the original languages.

The Kalevala. [English]
The Kalevala. [Finnish]
This Finnish saga, replete with battling wizards and heroes, quests and magical objects has been cited as one of the early inspirations for Tolkien. The languages of Middle Earth also have more than a passing resemblance to Finnish.

The Elder (Poetic) Edda.
The Younger (Prose) Edda.
These Icelandic collections of epic poetry are key sources for the study of Norse mythology. Our plane of existence is called 'Middle Earth' in this mythology. Tolkien also took many of the names of key characters from this text; particularly one sequence early on in the Voluspo, including Gandalf, and all of the Dwarves from the Hobbit. Also found in the Eddas is the forest of Myrkwood; Bilbo's party traversed the vast Mirkwood forest in the Hobbit.

Wagner's Ring of the Niblung
The Volsung Saga
The Nibelungenlied
The Volsung saga is the Icelandic version of the story which was later re-told in the Germanic Nibelungenlied. This was the basis for Wagner's Ring cycle. The cursed ring of doom is likewise a central theme of Tolkiens' mythology.

this text is on the sacred-texts CD-ROM Heimskringla or The Chronicle of the Kings of Norway
by Snorri Sturlson. tr. Samuel Laing [1844]
Gandalf is not only mentioned in the Voluspo, but in the Heimskringla Sagas: Gandalf was the name of the last king to rule over Alfheim, He was killed by Harald Harfagra in the year 866. Gandalf gets mentioned in The Ynglinga Saga, Halfdan, the Black Saga, and Harald Harfager's Saga.

Beowulf [Modern English]
Beowulf [Anglo Saxon]
Tolkien was a distinguished scholar of Middle and Old English. The Beowulf saga is one of the treasures of this branch of literature, and Grendel, the monster of this tale, is a prototype for many of the darker creatures that populate Middle Earth.

The Mabinogion
Lady Guest, tr. [1877]
Among the sources for Tokien's languages was Welsh, and the Welsh stories of the 'Red Book of Hergest' appear to have also had an influence on the narratives of Tolkien's fictional 'Red Book of Westmarch'.
 
Good digging there Sparta.

I can still look up that journal during X-mas break if anyone is interested. Otherwise - whatever...

I'm sorry for being the sole culprit behind this threadjack luceafarul.
 
^ Factually incorrect my friend, or at least only part of the story.

Sting was the lead singer of a band called 'The Police' and went on to have one of the most successful solo careers the music industry has ever seen (and it goes on). Honestly, I expect better of you trooper :shake:
 
Rambuchan said:
Sting was the lead singer of a band called 'The Police' and went on to have one of the most successful solo careers the music industry has ever seen (and it goes on).
Yes I know, recently he has been busy nuking John Dowland.:mad:
Hmmm, perhaps there is still some interest for this project. I am considering reviving it...:mischief:
 
luceafarul said:
Hmmm, perhaps there is still some interest for this project. I am considering reviving it...:mischief:

Remember the punishment handed out to you: Norse Mythology Part III. Deadline Christmas!

@Rambuchan: I'm lost for words.
 
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