i should probably clarify the american system of education w/ regard to the teaching of history...
the primary schools (ie elementary - K through 6) teach a heavy dose of "Plymouth Rock", the "pilgrims", "GW" and the other prominent US presidents. european history is largely ignored as is most every other region of the world (generally speaking of course).
by age 12 or so (grade 7), european or "Western Civ" is introduced. it is a very basic and waterd down version of european history.
by high school (grades 8 & 9 and onwards), a more intensive curriculi is introduced, especially in the American history realm. the 13 colonies, the revolution against britain, the early years of the US of A, the antebellum period and the subsequent war between the states is covered in more detail. this is generally referred to as "US History I".
"US History II" begins w/ the reconstruction period, the rise of the US as a global player, WWI, the great depression, WWII, a little on the korean war, the post war boom, vietnam, and even the first gulf war.
other history classes are offered but are deemed "optional" or as "electives". many of these classes are relating to european history and many are often "AP" (advanced placement) classes. however, they are not mandatory as are the US history classes.
now, i say this all simply b/c i began student teaching this past term in a local high school and paricipated in both the US History II classes as well as the AP Euro Hisotry classes. the depth at which these classes are taught almost certainly varies from one school district to the next but the school in which i did my field work at made a pretty good impression on me that today's students (at least where i live) are exposed to the essential aspects of their own histories (ie american). now, the world at large is a different story altogether.