Apparently I uploaded the wrong thing. The image from before was just the Insignia. This is the flag.
Yes one wouldn't be able to see a flag on ship or an insignia on a ship and it wouldn't matter, I just thought it would add a little more depth to the NES. I'd love to see what you guys can come up with for flags.
Aren't you guys supposed to be Muslim?
My (very late) take on this!
Gardeners
The Tree of Life, representing the Gardener appreciation of all life and particularly Terra-like biospheres which are capable of supporting such trees, is flanked by two eyes (the space in between the branches and the roots neatly form the "face") of the wise owl, representing Gardener ambition in the sciences and their forward approach to knowledge. That the eyes can be perceived as looking at the tree as well fits considering that the Gardeners' thirst for knowledge is a means to the end of ecological flowering.
'Al
Like Thlayli said, inward facing eyes. The closed nature of the symbol represents the nearly complete self imposed isolation of the 'Al, who seek knowledge in and of themselves. The elongated nature of the 'Al face formed by the eyes, akin to prestellar myths of the "Greys," represents the peculiarities of the 'Al aesthete and appreciation for aspects of human beauty that clash with the rest of known humanity.
There doesn't seem to be a better explanation for the six pointed symbol enclosing symbol than reference to the Jewish exodus and the Star of David. The six pointed symbol encloses the 'Al as the exodus has put a severe hampering on the 'Al competing with the other cultures in the Hydra Tuft.
Ik
The many crescents and star a reference to the old Ottoman symbol of the crescent and star. Flown by one of the most territorially ambitious of Muslim empires, the Ik aping of that symbol represents both their Muslim roots and their vision of inspiration that comes from the many previous battles won by empires flying the same crescent and star.
However, the crescents in the symbol have multiplied because of Ik ambitions that extend beyond that home planet of Taik (a first crescent being a planet, and thus many crescents representing a farflung empire of moons upon planet), to Saik and Arrakis and beyond!
Shame about the Battle of Vienna... er, Arrakis II.
Ugh... the pinyin here will be very approximate because my Chinese sucks.
Lantians
'
The ideogram is "ji" from the Chinese phrase "ji zhong," which loosely means "come together." The "ji" in this context would be the verb, or the actual verb or act of "gathering" together. The ideogram thus represents the Lantian coalescence in all its forms: all the Asian cultures, the harmonization thereof, and the continual seamless integration and gathering of Lantian society, harmony, and togetherness (screw the individual! This! Is! Asian! Values!). The Lantian style of imposing the ideogram is comparitively modern (in the "mecha" style) due to their Homo Superior forward way of advancement in science (theoretically, anyway).
Esani
One of the most important Bantu symbols is the sun symbol or Ankh. But the Esani are of Sino-Bantu stock, so the Bantu ankh is morphed into something more universal: a visual representation of the sun, which befits the Esani's biopoet nature.
The Chinese ideogram within the sun represents the ideal of Esani culture and what the sun provides for civilization: "he" of the chinese phrase "he ping" which directly translates to peace, or harmony. This is what the Esani hope to achieve in all things, aided by the light of their civilization and the sun.
The black shape to the right of the character "he" is in the shape of Chinese seal, traditionally used to sign documents. However, this seal is completely filled in, not letting the viewer see who has actually signed, representing the anonymous nature of the Grand Inquisitor, the Magistratum, and the shadow clique that work the puppet strings behind Esani civilization.
Vazan
The Diamond Network encloses the horizontal lines commonly found on the physical surfaces of computer chips, displaying the cyberorganized nature of the Vazan. The two shapes in the middle are 1 and 0 : binary, clinching the digitized deal that is this society.
Kations
Instead of the purely cyborganized symbology of the Vazan, the Diamond Network symbol of the Kations encloses a cadeucus, a display of the medical morphology that goes with the Kation biotechnologists and their extremophile nature and willingness to adapt their bodies, both organically and technologically, to the rigors of space.
Soulon
The chevrons of the symbol represent the cold military origins of the league. The six small spheres represent their previous dominion over small rocky worlds of economic import, which sadly no longer bears weight...
Akresians
A rather chaotic logo of strife displays all the traits of the Akresians' Homo Tyrannous biology: the vicious curved lines portruding from the inner spheres representing their innate aggression while the lack of any geometric pattern or indeed, any straight lines, represent the bubbling organic bestial power of the Akresians, which lack any organization at all, as opposed to the geometric nature of the Diamond Network logos.
SPACE PIRATES
Ironically, the only two civilizations which have clear historical precedents are the Liberes and the Ik. Like the Ik, the Liberes takes an old favorite symbol of pirates: the skull and bones, and multiplies it to show, uh, just how serious they are about, erm, killing, raping, looting, and pillaging. The skulls face in all directions, denoting the possibility of the SPACE PIRATES' capacity for betrayal and short attention span seeking to attack all targets at once.
Priors
A bullseye! Maybe they were the targets of evil SPACE MONSTERS.
Alternatively the spheres of the Priors represent the most harmonious shape in nature, and the overriding shape of the universe: from the stars to the planets to the moons to the precious ansibyl pearls.