IMO criminality arises when the following conditions are present:
1) A gap between rich and poor exists, and it is plain for all to see. (I say this because in the dark days of Maoism, and even today in the most backward inland Chinese villages there is no crime! Why? Because everyone around is uniformly dirt poor and so there is literally nothing to steal!)
2) The unemployed and disenfranchised feel there is no way out of their present situation. (Poor, thus no education, thus crappy job and living in a slum, thus no money, thus no education again for the next generation. Vicious cycle ad infinitum. Eventually some will start feeling envious and perhaps even vindictive towards society.)
3) Law enforcement is not at 100% coverage, and thus some people think odds are they can do 'something' about their bad situation and get away with it. (Of course 100% police coverage exists only in the cities that I build in city-building games, never in real life. Police efficiency and incorruptibility varies however amongst countries. The best police forces in the world are both feared AND respected by their people.)
4) Environment and peer pressure. Being poor does not equal being a potential criminal. There are honest slum dwellers (as well as crooks in mansions). There are people whose moral fiber prevents them from turning to a life of crime despite their crappy situation in life. I have the utmost respect for those people I see rummaging through garbage bins for stuff to sell, instead of stealing or begging.
If, however, you grew up in an environment where all your neighbors are junkies, hookers, drug pushers, bookies, muggers, etc. then the odds are really, really slim that you'll end up being a paragon of virtue in society.
All the reasons above, however, are trashed when the next reason comes into play:
5) GREED This trumps everything. It can exist anywhere. And there is no distinction between rich or poor. Once someone succumbs to temptation and crosses this line anything is possible. Kidnapping, bank robbing, fraud, extortion, malversation of funds, drug trafficking - all these require a suitable investment. The people who do these are obviously not dirt poor and doing it for survival. They're in it for the huge profits that can be earned for themselves, never mind the harm done to society and other people. THIS is what makes crime impossible to fully eradicate (unless mankind in the future genetically alters everyone and/or adds microchip implants in everyone's brains to control and monitor them).