And on my 4th try...
Turn 217!
Keys:
Build Order: Worker, 3x archer, shrine, granary, Great Library, National College, Oracle (with tribute and gold from great merchant: buy granary in Ulundi, buy lighthouse in Venice, buy cargo ship in Ulundi), many work boats
Used Monthar's archer rush to hit Zulu with 3 archers, then CS to right. Collect tribute from CS to bottom left after zulu before killing other city.
Rush Compass, build 4 galleass + trireme. Arabia built great lighthouse here, which I promptly captured.
Give all the extra cities to China (keep only Arabia's capital!). This is to avoid the -5% science which slows you down. Sometimes China will even pay you. China will always keep them or burn them. I tried this with Portugal once, but he liked to liberate them to achieve his goal of diplo victory- not ok!)
Printing Press after compass, then go to Industrialization, then tech towards Penicillin. Use saved GS to get to Plastics, use Rationalism finisher for it, then buy GS with faith, use that to get to Penicillin, use Oxford to finish it. Be careful because the GS comes in with no actions so you need to get Rationalism finisher 3 turns before council, get the GS 2 before council, then make oxford and use GS 1 before council to reach atomic at the right moment.
I could have blown some great scientists and Oxford to reach Radio ASAP and lower the council timer from 25 turns to 20 turns, as well as securing a World Ideology, but it turns out its not necessary. I could not do this and reach my tech goal in time. GS are more effective later on.
Hosting council + Forbidden Place + World Religion + 15 CS allies is what you need to win. Getting to Modern in time to set a World Ideology is actually not required.
The hardest part is planning when you should take Printing Press, to synchronize a council vote with when you expect to hit Atomic Era. Allying the CS is fairly trivial, Venice makes gold extremely well with its double trade routes.
One mistake I made in my previous tries was focusing on religion too much. Just make sure you get God of the Sea pantheon (its critical in this start) and then ignore it. Don't build Boroborodur or Hagia Sofia... its not worth it!
I didn't actually get enough culture until after the 2nd council to hit all my social policy goals, which were:
Full Trad
Exploration/Maritime Infrastructure
Patronage
Full Rationalism
Order Finisher
I focused on allying all the cultural CS throughout the game, though I didn't quite make it to Order finisher.
Benefits of rushing compass:
Total control of the council, from the first session onwards.
No competition on wonders
No competition on allying CS
Less cities to capture and lower city powers if you do it early
Less annoying AIs trying to talk to you/denounce you
Slower Printing Press timing than Education -> Printing Press. This is actually a benefit, because if you already have Astronomy, its possible to reach Atomic Era by the 2nd council, as I did. If you get university faster and printing press faster, it can actually be a little slower overall if the council comes before you are ready. I tried Education -> Printing Press instead of Compass rush one game. Results of first council: World Religion (Failure! 4x downvote). Arts Funding (Success! 3x Upvote). Started over right there
I also tried Archaeology before Printing Press, but it slows you down too much.