Drones could be implemented three ways actually:
- As an upgrade to the machine guns, with either longer range or the capacity of ignoring LOS.
- As a new aerial unit, similar to planes, but cheaper. Not necessarily one use unit, you could have both suicide drones (long range, high attack against fortified, think cruse missiles from CIV V) and attack drones (medium range, low attack, cheap).
- As a support unit (kind of like the drones in CIV6) that works for infantry units (maybe even giving them a 1 range attack).
One thing that did change with the Ukraine war is the artillery. "Classic" static artilleries proved they are kind of outdated compared to highly mobile solutions (such as French's Cesar cannons). It would be nice if the late game artillery units were to reflect that by being able to move after attack.
UAVs ("Drones") have affected virtually every type of unit on the battlefield in several different ways:
Extended Sight Range - even infantry companies and platoons can send out their own small reconnaissance drones to see what's over the hill, or beyond the village. Longer ranged UAVs give artillery, missile, rocket, and tank forces the chance, finally, to use all of their ranged effects out to the maximum range of their weapons.
Extended Attack Range - 'Suicide' drones and larger UAVs carrying their owen missiles and bombs extend the distance at which a unit can attack by many kilometers, and the attacks can destroy or cripple almost any kind of unit from Main Battle Tanks to dug in infantry. And, of course, these can have enough range to take out ships on the high seas (cue the demise of the Black Sea Fleet, which has been so eroded it will take decades to rebuild) or air bases and based aircraft far behind the 'front'.
Extended Defense. Because of the Extended Attack, air defenses from light automatic weapons to long range SAMs have to be deployed not just on the line of the front, but also to defend supply depots, headquarters, reserves, airfields, etc all across the battlefield and the interior.
Bottom line: years ago van Crefeld, a military analyst of considerable standing, wrote a book called
The Age of Airpower. His thesis was that the age of Airpower - as in, traditional manned aircraft of all types - is OVER. Air attack, air defense, air reconnaissance, interdiction - all the air missions - can now be done more efficiently and cheaply by unmanned vehicles like drones, UAVs and missiles. He might have been a bit ahead of events 15 - 20 years ago, but I think he was only slightly early. Ukraine has shown that even with overwhelming air superiority, an air force like the Russian does not dare deploy its manned aircraft over the battlefield - there are simply too many weapons that can shoot the aircraft down, and it is far too expensive to replace manned high performance aircraft and a highly-trained pilot/air crew. Given the reported losses to trhe Russian Air Force already, in fact, it will take them close to a decade just to replace their losses so far, and putting all the resources into doing that will probably prove to be wasted effort.
All of which, however, make it hard to model the effects of UAVs with any single mechanic. I suggest an alternative would be to use individualized game effects to try to approach the overall effect of them.
1. UAV would be an Upgrade to Infantry and Recon and Cavalry (Armor) units, extending their sight and attack range by 1 tile - all would have a 2-tile range now.
2. UAV Upgrade would extend Artillery/Siege units' sight/attack range by 2 tiles, representing both the effects of the UAVs themselves and also the modern upgrades in munitions - rocket-assisted artillery shells, increasing use of 'cruise' and ballistic missiles to extend ordinary artillery effects.
3. UAV Upgrade for Air Defense units would extend their range by 3 tiles, representing more the great increase in t heir accuracy and range due to satellite, ground and aerial radar and other detection systems. The modern Air Defense Missile systems have ranges of hundreds of kilometers, in some cases longer than the range of helicopters trying to fly against them.
All UAV Upgrades would come with a graphic added to the Unit showing tiny vehicles flying around the unit . ..
3. 'Drones" would be a separate Unit representing the AI or remote-controlled larger aerial or sea-borne missiles. They are destroyed when they are used, but the Attack Factor should be huge - as in, enough to seriously damage a Missile Cruiser or Submarine or Destroyer, or any Artillery/Siege or AA unit they strike.