I have absolutely no idea whatsoever and I actually tried to research it for months.
I can't even guess what language it is from. In its current form, it sounds "mostly" Romanian, but I'm not sure if that's the origin of it. Could very well be, but could also just as well not be. Basically, again, I have no idea.
Jew.
What do you mean?
son of <first name>.
originating from some part of Scandinavia (father's side only is known), then moved down to Denmark (where ther is a <first name> hamlet) and then to Germany. at some point we ended up with the -sen instead of the -son.
'Simpleton' or something humiliatingly embarrassing like that.
When somebody can not find any meaning of their surname anywhere, it usually turns out that the name is originally Jewish.
From my personal experience anyway. (Although I am not Jewish in any way myself)
Meadow lands surrounded by water.
-sen is the Norwegian and Danish version, -son is Swedish
Swiss German is such an odd dialect that I'm not quite sure. The surname looks and sounds like a mash of high (hoch) and school (schule) to me. I thought possibly a teacher at an old university but my German isn't that great and I have no clue how far "schule" goes back as a word.
According to a coffee mug my dad has: Protector.
I'm Swiss German, may I help you? ;-) I know that Schuler is a Swiss surname that is not that rare (but I would put it in the bottom half regarding spreading), I've never heard of Hochschuler?
More excitingly, my mom bears the name of a Leeds suburb.