Arabia vs Japan:
The (four) caliphates vs the empire of the rising sun.
UU:
Camel archer vs samurai:
+35% withdraw chance, no resource requirements vs 3 first strikes:
The 35% withdraw chance makes
camel archer a really good option of offensive unit, even against more advanced weapons.
UB:
Madrassah vs Kaizen plant:
+2

+2 priest slots vs +10%

, no resource requirement, +1 scientist slot, +1 free engineer:
This
Kaizen plant is almost OP. AI really needs it. Maybe the hyman player too, since tech cost is proportional to population.
UP:
Faith vs Honor:
Replace all religions with Islam, + islamic temple+islamic mosque in conquered cities vs +50%faster promotions:
The
power of faith is really strong. As far as the japanese power is concerned I prefer it than the old one.
1st goal:
More advanced vs 18000

I always prefer
scientific goals compared to other ones.
2nd goal:
Abbasid caliphate vs Greater Empire of Japan:
Both empires are build through conquest. It's a draw.
3rd goal:
Islam at 40% vs tech tree (and Internet):
The
tech tree wins.
Arabia: 3
Japan: 2
The
sword of Islam wins!