Just started doing some Multi-player LAN games with my wife and have run into our first OOS errors. Recently came up with some ideas I wanted to share, but haven't had the time to set up the debug options or test them myself.
First couple of OOS, we saved, reloaded and went on with life. Eventually we had some OOS immediately after reloading, so at some point we decided to try and keep playing. First time we did this the OOS went away. Next time we did it the OOS stayed and we kept playing for nearly 30 turns or so. At that point I walked into her territory and tried describing where I was to her, and we realized that according to my game, the AI had built a city on her border which wasn't there in her game, and her units were in different squares.
At that point, I saved and we reloaded, she informed me that all of her workers were sitting in the city squares, none of the improvements she had built since the OOS were in place, and she had some more warriors than she had actually built and they were scattered all over the map (fortunately her warrior with Orthus' Axe was still around).
It seemed to me from this, that MUCH more than simple combat/damage types/hidden Nationality is becoming an issue (to my knowledge, nobody had any HN units to speak of, and nobody was at war anywhere yet, if anyone wonders).
Anyway, my idea is that when you get an OOS, in addition to the normal debug messages, you ought to have each person who is OOS save their game individually, then collect the savegames and load each one as your race to see precisely what is different between them. Also, letting the OOS run for a few turns may reveal something more about the nature of what is going on if one is lucky. Though a save immediately after the OOS is probably the best bet all around for locating the errors.
My own theory after this game: I think that the computer is taking its turn as soon as the first person ends their turn. I had one round where I ended my turn and while waiting for her to end her turn, a barbarian warrior killed my scout that had just moved to the square next to him. So somehow the computer moved during the time she was still doing her own actions.
To test this I would ask: Has anyone played WITHOUT simultaneous turns and had an OOS? And if anyone is patient enough, try using the chat function to ensure EVERYONE is done with their turn before anybody hits ENTER to end their turn. I'll try this myself, but it will probably not be till next weekend that we play another round to test it.