Constitution of Rome
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The Roman Senate:
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The Roman Senate is the Patrician Assembly that governs the Roman Republic. It votes and decides on matters regarding social policy, national taxes, technological research, law, the granting of triumphs, and declarations of war. It is open to public observance with the exception of closed sessions called by the Princeps.
Amongst those entitled to sit in the senate are certain officials possessed of Imperium with direct personal responsibility over various spheres distinct from the ordinary magisterium of the senate and/or with specific roles to play in the senatorial process. They are as follows.
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Princeps Senatus: The First Man of the Senate, head and guardian of the state, the Princeps is directly responsible for foreign relations, overall command of the military and care of the treasury. The Princeps in addition to having the right of first speech in the senate and announcing the topics for discussion also possesses the veto over any proposals in same senate and is sacrosanct. The Princeps Senatus is elected by the Senate for a life term.
Consuls: Two in number, both must give assent to any laws proposed in the senate for them to take effect. Consuls also are responsible for taking field command of the army during wartime with at least one taking direct command while one remains in Rome. The Consuls are also the highest judges in Rome with authority to preside over trials. A consul can veto any of the others consuls actions. They are appointed to office by the Princeps Senatus.
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Any other patrician in the senate is simply known as a senator, and has the right to debate on senatorial proposals and make proposals and vote in the senate on senatorial matters (as distinct from the personal imperium over various areas to the above officials). All patricians are entitled to sit in the senate, but a patrician, with the exception of a consul or the Princeps during the course of their duties, must reside in Rome in order to exercise senatorial privileges and be counted as a senator.
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Consilium Praefectus
Prefects are responsible for the civil administration (builds, local governance, land distribution and management) of cities with each city having one Prefect. Prefects are ranked by seniority of the city with the Prefect of Rome being known as the Praefectus Urbi. The original Prefects are to be elected via popular vote, thereafter hereditary with the senate having power to transfer the hereditary rights to prefectural power to another lineage. The Prefect of newly settled/conquered cities are to be appointed by the senate. A prefect must reside in the city of the region he governs.
The Praefectus Urbi heads a council of prefects called the Consilium Praefectus that exists to ensure that each prefect’s orders are in accord with the policy of the wider empire, and not detrimental to the greater good of the empires development. The Praefectus Urbi has the rights to veto a lesser prefect’s orders if the lesser prefect remains obstinate. This veto can be vetoed by the senate.
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The Roman Tribunate
The Tribune of the People is elected by the plebs as a personification of the plebeian masses as their voice in government. Therefore one must be a plebeian to hold this office. The tribune has the power to speak to, and propose laws for the consideration of the senate. He is sacrosanct. A tribune must remain within the pomerium (bounds) of Rome to exercise his powers