First of all, Thanks for all the advice everyone! I'm going to try to bring him home in the next hour
I don't understand how to determine where Kerbin rises or sets on the Horizon from the map screen. Perhaps this is one of those oh-so-elementary things that newbies have to be walked through??
It's a skill that was required for navigation back in the good old days before maneuver nodes. If you point your ship in the direction of motion, simply watch on the regular screen until you see the planet rise on the horizon. Then switch over to your map mode and start firing your engines until you get a right-looking intercept. So if you were going from Kerbin to the Mun, you would start burning at Mun-rise until you got an intercept.
Going back home, it matters whether you are in a prograde or retrograde orbit. If you are in a prograde (90°) orbit, you burn at Kerbin-rise. I think if you are in a retrograde (270°) orbit, you burn at Kerbin-set. I don't know for sure, I don't remember taking that route when we didn't have maneuver nodes.
Good job on your first long-distance mission! Sounds like you were using a Mercury-style pod, now you gotta build bigger.
