Sweden? Name a time in history when Sweden herself (not all slavic peoples as one) was a world power, an empire, or a major economical factor on the planet. Not for Europe... not for Scandinavia, but for the whole planet. How about a colonial power? Ever? No? Don't site 2 or three measly colonies, give me large numbers of powerful colonies. How about Poland. Any? Come on, name one... still can't do it?
End this pointless thread that gives rise to nothing more than flamed posts and flamed emotions.
Oh, and put Mexico in the game. :|
Many people view Sweden as a world power in the Augustus Adolphus period, the early 17th century. This occurred because of Gustavus' changes to the army, which gave him the most efficient army in Europe. Indeed, Gustavus' reforms (to me) are the most important in changing 'Medieval' warfare to 'modern warfare' He had a professional military, and was the first to employ light artillery. he was a brilliant innovator.
At the beginning fo the 30 years' world, I would have put Sweden second in Europe (behind Spain). I have seen other writers put Sweden as first. Clearly, the Swedish entry into the war turned it from a Catholic romp to Protestant advantage. By the end of the 30 Years' War, ascendent France probably eclipsed Spain, which was on the descendent.
Sweden was also an important power for a lot of the 16th Century, when they basically formed, but clearly weren't yet as strong as Poland before Gustavus.
Sweden fall came in the Great Northern War; Creasey views Poltava (1709) as one of the 15 decisive battles of history (although I detest this book, it has a huge impact on people's view of history). But there is no doubt that with the Great Northern War, Russia emerged as a great power and Sweden had lost its great power status. Needless to say, Russia during the Peter period was destined to pass Sweden, but had Charles XII won Russia could have been impeded for some time.
So the Swede greatest period was pretty much the 17th century. They were still a fair power agfter that for some time, but by the 19th century they weren't a major political force. Their period of great power was largely built on political stability and a more efficient military, but their military reforms were copied and they just couldn't keep up with the larger populations and economies of Russia, England, France, etc. Significantly, Sweden defeated the Empire in a series of battles during the 30 Years' war; but the Empire could recover. At his greatest victory, Lutzen in 1632, the Empire was defeated, but Sweden's loss was greater, as their brilliant king lay dead on the field.
Best wishes,
Breunor