The Village of Newtonmore, Scotland
A Story of Company B of the 12th Foot Regiment
When Company B, composed of volunteers, was ordered into Newtonmore they did not expect to remain there for long - afterall, there was still a lot of ground to gain against the Gaelic rebels, and almost all of Ireland was still in revolt. Their future turned out to be very different than they had anticipated, and they would play a more vital role in the war here, in Newtonmore, than they ever could on a grand battlefield against the Gaelic fighters.
Company B was now part of "the other war" that was going on in Scotland and throughout all other Gaelic provinces - the war for the hearts and minds of the population. It was obvious to the commanders of the Federated forces in Scotland that developmental aid was the key to making people more friendly to the Federates, but it was also obvious that it was a long time project. For now the most important job was protecting the population from Gaelic fighters who demanded food, shelter, intelligence, and draftees. This job was for soliders, and Company B was assigned to do it.
When Company B arrived in the village the 35 men were paired with around 50 men from the local militia. Together these forces were supposed to secure the village from the Gaelic fighters, with the Federates providing the skills and experience for fighting and the locals providing vital information about the surroundings. In practice, it was much harder.
When the Federate soldiers arrived in June the village was practically ran by the Gaelic fighters. They could come and go at will, taxing the inhabitants to support themselves, and killing any "English Sympathizers" who got in their way. The local militia that was supposed to prevent that was too scared to do anything.
Company B with its energentic commander quickly changed that. When they arrived to Newtonmore they lived no better and no worse than the militia there. The two forces slept side by side in a ramshackle fort, ate the same food, smoked the same tobacco, drew the same pool assignments.
By day the Federate forces and the militia interacted in a friendly manner with the villagers, winning their trust and confidence. By night, they patrolled aggressively, often clashing with the Gaelic fighters - over 70 engagements in the first couple of months of duty. As the Federates continued patrolling night after night their skills at small-scale warfare improved and their knowledge of the surroundings was soon as good as that of the Gaelics. Before long the Federates were moving as stealthily and as adept as setting ambushes as their enemies. The militia also experienced rapid improvement in their skills and confidence thanks to the training they received from the Federates. Together, they managed to drive the Gaelics out of Newtonmore.
Critics of this program in the military worried that the small force would be vulnerable to annihilation by the main forces of the Gaelic army, which could throw hundreds of soldiers against a couple of dozen of defenders. A valid concern. The Gaelics, seeing the success the Federates were having in Newtonmore, decided that if they did not want to be pushed out of the area althogether they would have to wipe out the Federates. To achieve this task the local Gaelic fighters were reinforced by two companies from the main Gaelic force.
On the night of September 14-15 the Gaelics struck at the combined forces compound at Newtonmore known as Fort Page. After midnight the Gaelic sappers masterfully plucked out the sharpened wooden stakes designed to discourage unwelcome visitors. Twenty of the Federates were not home that night; they were out patrolling with most of the militia. That left only 15 Federates and 20 militiamen to hold the fort. The defenders, grown complacent, were caught completely by surprise. Almost before they had time to react the Gaelic soldiers were inside the compound. Amid the chatter of weapons fire the Federates were cut down, one by one. Their desperate resistance gave some of the militiamen just enough time to huddle together and prevent the attackers from overrunning them too. Stymied, the Gaelic commander gave the order to retreat about an hour after the attack began. It was only then that a Federate comapny from a nearby base - supposed to act as Fort Page's emergency reserve - arrived, too late to do anything but succor the wounded and bury the dead. Fourteen Federates and 8 militiamen were killed on that grim night. Only one Federate survived the attack, and he was badly wounded.
"At first light," writes Leutenant Henry Evelyn Wood, "General Roberts, commander of the 12th Foot, entered the smoldering fort and called the 2 surviving Federates who had been out on patrol that night. Speaking softly, he said they had a choice. They could stay or they could go." Given teh chance to evacuate the remaining Federate soldiers refused. "We couldn't leae," one Federate later wrote, "what would we have said to the militiamen after the way we pushed them to fight the Gaelics? We had to stay. There wasn't one of us who wanted to leave. The only people we wanted out was that worthless reaction company that didn't get to the fort until after it was overrun."
How many other people would have volunteered to stay in a dangerous post if given the chance to leave? That the Federates wanted to stay was a testiment to their morale and esprit de corps. Their close involvement with the daily life of Newtonmore gave them a stake in the war.
Company B continued its mission in Newtonmore with 15 replacements, all volunteers, and they enjoyed increasing success. The two Gaelic companies that helped in the attack went back to join the main Gaelic force and the local Gaelic fighters have been too badly hurt to present much of a menace. As the Federates continued with their efforts to integrate into village life, they came to feel "that the five thousand villagers accepted them. They ate in their houses, went to their parties, and to their funerals." Their welcome was further improved when the Company's Leutenant ordered the soldiers to open a school and the medic in the Company treated the sick people from the village. The few skirmishes with the Gaelics that did continue took place outside the village and the villagers were not involved.
Good relations with the villagers paid off. By the time another main force attack was organized on Newtonmore by the Gaelics the defenders were ready, thanks to intelligence supplied by their informants. Knowing that an attack was on the way, their battalion commander ordered the Federates to evacuate before they were hit by some 600 enemy soldiers. The Federate soldiers gathered together and decided that they would not go - even if this meant risking a court-martial for disobeying orders. "I'm going to stay here, they are not getting
this fort. They are not getting
this ville." And they did not. After one of the Gaelic scouts was detected and killed by an alert militiaman, the rest of the main force scuttled away, knowing that the defenders were on their guard.
The Gaelics never again seriously threatened Newtonmore. The the time it was time for the Federates to leave the village, once a Gaelic haven, was completely secure. There were a few setbacks after the Federates left, but the militiamen managed to keep the Gaelics out. By the end of the year the village was so secure that General Roberts called it the 'R&R' (Rest and Recreation) center.