I've been having a hard time understanding how to play aggressively in the early game. I pick authority, build some units, and then go bankrupt when I don't have enough gold to keep a decent army. Do I have to research trade very early and build markets to avoid that?
Nope. The goal is to make gold without markets. I hereby presents some options:
- Luxuries. Some mineable gold and silver are wonderful, but other luxuries provide some gold when improved too. Getting a monopoly might give some extra gold, but you have one, maybe two cities, and building an army, so your monopoly has to wait. Anyways, if you know more than one civ, you can trade your excedent luxuries with the civ you plan to attack later.
- Tributes. See a city state nearby? Go demand some gold from it. If it refuses to pay, kick it ass, steal its workers, and try again.
- Roads. Don't. Build. Roads. At least not at this stage, they are too expensive. If you need to move faster, see if you can chopp some forests for an easier passage.
- Don't build buildings with maintenance if you can avoid it. You don't need barracks (not yet). You don't need walls (you are the aggressor).
- Get culture. Each time your borders grow, you get some gold, so culture in the city will give some instant gold. Killing barbarians give some culture, by the way...
- Don't capture barb camps, unless another civ is going to. You want to farm some experience and culture from barb killing, so try not to spoil barb spawn points. Take them only in bare necessity (another civ is going to kill them anyway, or you reaally need the gold).
- Explore fast. Sometimes you get some gold from discovered city states, sometimes an ancient ruin may give you that. The very least, you'll discover some players that you can trade with. You may sell any strategic resource you are not going to use. Giving horses to a neighbor is risky, as he can produce horses, but in case he decides to attack you (or you decide to attack him), he'll lose the ability to heal the horses.
- Pillage. Well, for this you have to wait until your neighbours made some terrain improvements. Capturing cities yield some gold too.
- Use a smart pantheon. It doesn't mind if you don't want to found your own religion. Build just one shrine and ripe some pantheonist benefits. Goddess of Fortune may not be available, but there are other pantheons that give gold, although culture is much more useful.
If you can't get enough gold with all the above, well, go for markets. You'll have to build them eventually, once you find it difficult to demand tribute.