Streetcar Mania!

Cheezy the Wiz

Socialist In A Hurry
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Do you love streetcars? I love streetcars and light rail.

For European posters, these are American terms to describe what you call trams. Streetcars run only at street-level (or underground or elevated for portions), while light rail might run at street-level for a time but also at grade like normal rail, albeit with different style and size tracks than "heavy," or normal rail.

Washington D.C. is just one of many American cities with programs to reintroduce streetcars to urban life in the coming years. Washington has an ambitious 37-mile project to link its various neighborhoods and already-existent metrorail system (which is one of the best in the nation). Tuscon, Seattle, Norfolk, Salt Lake City, and Charlotte have also recently added light rail and streetcar lines, and existing systems in SF, Philadelphia, and Boston continue to expand and rehabilitate abandoned lines. Atlanta, Cincinnati, Detroit, Kansas City, and Dallas also have future streetcar plans.

I, for one, am extremely excited about this. It is high time for the return of mass transit as we attempt to combat the effects of global warming, the coming decline of petroleum reserves, and the unsustainable automobile-centered life we in the United States enjoy more than any other nation.

Why streetcars? There are a number of reasons. First, they are cheaper than either elevated or underground subway lines. Second, securing rights-of-way on public roads is much easier than securing it over private property (even if property were public, it would still be a pain to clear those rights of way either through existing buildings or property otherwise already in-use). Third, it provides easy pedestrian or bicycle access directly to building fronts without the wait of escalators, elevators, or climbing stairs. Fourth, and this one is rather subjective, it makes driving more of a pain, which can lessen traffic congestion in downtown areas through simply deterrence. Fifth, streetcars are fully compatible with pedestrian-only areas, something which many European cities have either put into effect or have future deadlines for doing so in their downtown areas in the coming decades, and is something which I hope American cities will follow in suit. And sixth, streetcars are powered by electric overhead wires, which reduces immediate-area pollution that other rapid transit systems like buses would still cause (net air pollution still being a function of the source of that electricity in the first place, in which case I would like to point out that these streetcars should in the future run on solar freaking roadways).

Light rail, whether on street-level or simply functioning as a rapid transit system, is another welcome development, considering the sad state of mass transit on this continent. In the long-term, the predominantly suburban life is not sustainable; the trend is already underway to create community centers* (as in, centers of communities, not the meeting halls we call "community centers") and urban environments within these suburban sprawls, but the problem of commuting into city centers or to other suburban workplaces remains. Light rail which extends outward from city centers to these suburbs, or between suburban centers themselves, will become increasingly necessary in coming years.

A lot of the old streetcars are still in use on the old routes that survived the automobile-industry-driven buyout of streetcar companies during the 1940s-60s, like Philadelphia and San Francisco. They're classy, but small. Here's what they look like:

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The new ones are more like modern European trams: smaller, articulated, air-conditioned, and low to the ground for easy access:

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Light rail comes in a variety of forms. I've ridden one of the older lines, the Baltimore Light Rail, many times, and it's little-different from a commuter rail line. But newer ones are basically longer, articulated trams not too different in design from the aforementioned new streetcars. Here's what the old ones look like:


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I've been convinced of the idea of streetcar lines for a while, but I only observed/experienced them in practice this past summer in Budapest. I took some pictures (which I ought to put in the Everyday Photos thread too!), here's what they look like:

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They're amazing. They're cheap (I had a monthly pass, so I only paid the initial price when I arrived and just flashed it whenever challenged), extremely easy to find and use, and the network crisscrossing the city made life without a car extremely easy and convenient. They were heavily-used, which some people complain about but I've always seen as a good sign: it would be worse if they were always empty! They're quiet and far less of a disturbance than buses or cars, and they don't take up a ton of room on the street, either.




So, let's talk about streetcars! Americans, what do you think of this development? Are you as excited as I am? Do you have serious reservations about them or about light rail? What are your experiences with them? Do you have questions? Europeans, describe your laughter at the infancy of American mass transit. Is it cackling, rolling, or hyperventilating? Tell us about your trams in your towns or countries!




*While it's true that the main beneficiaries of the present trends are of course the affluent, and that particularly in gentrification situations in urban areas the losers are the poor, I think it goes without saying that I also see solutions to those issues...but politics isn't really a topic for this thread.
 
As a user of the L in Chicago, and seeing how handy it is to get from one side of the city to the other (and within the city itself), I'd totally be down for streetcar expansion in other cities.
 
Actually, in the Netherlands, the term 'light-rail' is often used in a technical context as well. When I lived in Amstelveen and wanted to go near the centre of Amsterdam, I always took light-rail route (lijn 51) that is popularly called interchangably a metro (i.e. subway) or tram, or sneltram (fast tram). What is rather unique is that roughly 1/3 of the route it is completely on its own, 1/3 is shared with a standard tram (lijn 5) and another 1/3 is shared with the subways (lijn 51 and 53) - it goes underground when it reaches the centre. It also has a dual power source: It can draw power from overhead lines normally used by trams as well as from a power line near the tracks as subways do and switch between them.

Lijn 51 using its pantographs:
Spoiler :
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Lijn 51 next to a standard Amsterdam subway train:
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Lijn 5, Lijn 51's tram brother
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This is the train of the former tramline between Leiden and my current town of Haarlem. Alas, there is no longer any functioning tram system in Haarlem anymore, and the pic was taken in The Hague.

Spoiler :
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Anyway, what makes trams rather cool is that they can mix with pedestrians without creating all too many safety issues. Amsterdam has a tram line going straight through the Leidse street which is otherwise pedestrian only - Hygro can attest to that as well.
 
I love the Portland, OR street cars and I'm looking forward to some light rail trains in Seattle once the Lynnwood line is built.

Spoiler :
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:smug:
 
Minnesota's getting in on light rail, we just opened a second line that connects Minneapolis with St. Paul via the University of Minnesota, adding on to the line that connects to the airport.
It isn't as nice as the DC metro (and less likely to make a good Fallout location) but it is better than nothing.

It is a pity that the Twin City streetcar system (IIRC we had one of the larger systems in the nation) was ripped out completely only a few years before the "Hang on, public transit actually is handy" sentiment took hold.
 
Man, Cheezy, it would take pages and pages to fill you in on all the street car and light rail drama going on in Kansas City. Citizen petitions, city councils disregarding them, court cases, competing plans, elections, loss, acrimony...
 
A lot of the old streetcars are still in use on the old routes that survived the automobile-industry-driven buyout of streetcar companies during the 1940s-60s, like Philadelphia and San Francisco. They're classy, but small. Here's what they look like:

Spoiler :
San_Francisco_PCC_streetcar_1077%2C_Birmingham_livery.jpg


I love streetcars, but don't have a lot to add other than to note that San Francisco's F Castro Streetcar shown didn't survive in its original form. It was converted to buses decades ago but reintroduced as a full-time streetcar service in 1995.

San Francisco did continue uninterrupted use of streetcars/light rail on its five other lines as far as I know.

Spoiler :
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Efficient, but significantly less character than the old PCC cars of the F Market line.
 
We do have streetcars here in Bulgaria. Now if they weren't hopelessly obsolete and absolutely impossible to use during summer and winter...
 
Man, Cheezy, it would take pages and pages to fill you in on all the street car and light rail drama going on in Kansas City. Citizen petitions, city councils disregarding them, court cases, competing plans, elections, loss, acrimony...

Same in Arlington, VA. In the last election a republican was elected to county board for the first time in basically ever over it which basically means streetcars lost.
 
The L is just an elevated rapid transit line above street level, right? Or are there streetcars in traffic too? (I've never been to Chicago)

Yeah, its an elevated rapid transit that follows the street-line, so it kind of mimics streetcars, especially with the stations in the loop.

And there are fake street cars, where it's just a bus with the outside of the streetcar. I think they ferry in and around the museums.
 
There was a lot of enthusiasm for the reintroduction of trams and light rail in the UK maybe 20-25 years back, with several cities implementing them. Some high profile issues with cost overrruns, delays and so forth (for example in Edinburgh) does seem to have cooled said enthusiasm somewhat.

That said, I've been quite impressed with the tram systems and light rail I've used. The Manchester Metrolink offers good links between the city centre and the rest of the Greater Manchester area. Apparently regular users aren't that happy with the service, but for the occasional journeys I had to make on it when I was living in Manchester, it seemed fine. In and around the city centre, it's very much a traditional tramline, running on the roads, but further out, it's more of a light rail system.

Spoiler :
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(I think the yellow livery must be new as I only remember the blue/green, white and grey colouring)


Central London hasn't reintroduced trams, but there are a couple of examples in the Greater London region, particularly in areas not served well by the Underground. The Tramlink, centered on Croydon, connects several towns across the south of London, and, in many ways more importantly, connects to several railway stations and the Underground. Again, in town, it's very much a tramline, but in less urban areas, is more of a light rail (in some cases running parallel to the mainline railways).

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Then of course there's the DLR - a light rail network built in the east of London as part of the docklands regneration in the lat 80s, early 90s. A mix of elevated, ground level and subsurface lines (the latter mainly in the connections to central London rail/Underground stations), after some early problems with reliability and capacity it's been a big success, with various extensions added over the years and more proposed. As with Tramlink, it's well connected to the rest of the London public transport network. If you're in London, particularly if you've got a Travelcard so it won't cost extra, taking a ride on the DLR out to the docklands is quite an intersting trip, particlaurly over the elevated sections.

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And finally, some nostalgia: classic trams, and even a trolleybus (a road-going bus, powered by overhead cables)

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San Francisco's streetcars were pretty neat. It's a shame that great swindle occurred and now the U.S. (and Canada) have super crappy public transit, relatively speaking.

Good to see the streetcar making a comeback! My city doesn't have them yet, but.. we're still sort of living in the 80s.
 
Toronto has some pretty nice neighborhoods around its streetcar lines. Always makes for a picturesque ride. I appreciate the greater flexibility of stops and the view that subways don't provide.
 
Toronto has some pretty nice neighborhoods around its streetcar lines. Always makes for a picturesque ride. I appreciate the greater flexibility of stops and the view that subways don't provide.

I agree, Toronto's streetcar lines aren't that bad. I don't think I've been on one in years though, when I visit I stick more to the subways and taxis.

The city is actually supposed to be expanding in this regard rather soon.. I'm not sure what exactly they decided on, but it's either a whole bunch of streetcar lines, light rail lines, and/or subway lines. Either way it seems like new streetcar lines are coming.

Another thing Toronto recently introduced was LARGE bike lanes. They basically took out 1 car lane on a lot of streets downtown and made them into very wide bike lanes.. WOW.. How refreshing. I wish my town had the balls to do that.
 
Here in the US, streetcars used to be everywhere. Los Angeles, of all places, had a couple-dozen streetcar lines. In the '30s and '40s, the rail systems of dozens of American cities were purchased by a single company, and dismantled. That company's investors included General Motors, Firestone Tire, Standard Oil, Philips Petroleum, and Mack Truck. If you've ever seen Who Framed Roger Rabbit?, the streetcar subplot was based on the real event. There were court trials and congressional hearings on whether there was a conspiracy to destroy streetcars and light rail, but I believe they came to nothing.

CBS News, "The GM Trolley Conspiracy: What Really Happened."

CBS News said:
There is no question that a GM-controlled entity called National City Lines did buy a number of municipal trolley car systems. And it's beyond doubt that, before too many years went by, those street car operations were closed down. It's also true that GM was convicted in a post-war trial of conspiring to monopolize the market for transportation equipment and supplies sold to local bus companies. What's not true is that the explanation for these events is a nefarious plot to trade private corporate profits for viable public transportation.

[...]

The main point of "General Motors and the Demise of Streetcars" and other critics of the conspiracy theory is that trolley systems were replaced by bus systems for economic reasons, not because of a plot. Bus lines were less expensive to operate than trolleys, and far less costly to build because there were no rails. Extending service to rapidly growing suburbs could be accomplished quickly, by simply building a few bus stops, rather than taking years to construct rail lines. So, buses replaced streetcars.
 
Boston still has some streetcars. A few of the antiques in San Francisco are old Boston cars. And there's at least one trolleybus line in Cambridge (MA, not UK), near Harvard University. The streetcar lines are frequently cited as the worst, as compared to the metro, or "subway", lines. I don't know if that's due to anything inherent to streetcars compared to subways, or just that one.

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As an advocate of sustainable urbanism and traditional neighborhood development, I'm absolutely bonkers for trolleys. The chief problem with bringing them back is reconciling them with the pattern of growth Americans have pursued the last half-century -- low-density, horizontal sprawl. Trying to make trolley lines work for the development that exists already would probably just waste capital and political will. One guess is that we might have starter projects in the densest un-served areas, and clear away the legal clutter (zoning regs and such) that prevent that area from becoming more dense.

Cheezey, have you read Straphanger? It looked at various modes of public transit from around the world and suggested that BART systems might be better for American cities trying to incorporate transit -- a baby step of sorts.
 
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