The thread for space cadets!

Tonight may be good for seeing the Aurora

Potential sat-bothering cannibal coronal mass ejection slams into Earth's atmo tonight

A so-called cannibal coronal mass ejection is set to hit Earth on December 1, creating geomagnetic storms across the skies at higher latitudes.

When the Sun's magnetic field lines twist and realign, the star ends up shedding gigantic clouds of charged particles from its surface.

These coronal mass ejections (CMEs) weigh billions of tons, and barrel through space at speeds ranging from 12 to 1,250 miles per second (about 20 to 2,000 kilometres per second). If multiple CMEs are expelled in succession, faster bursts can overtake and assimilate slower ones in front to create what scientists call cannibal CMEs.

The Sun has been particularly active as of late, spewing three solar flares in one go on November 27 and a fourth a day later. That fourth burst is expected to spread and merge with two of the three slower flares to form a large cannibal CME, scheduled to hit Earth on in the early hours of December 1 (UTC).

When the burst reaches Earth, showers of charged particles will hit the atmosphere. The impact will release energy in the form of light, creating auroras that could be visible to the naked eye if the sky is clear and dark enough.

Meteorologists at AccuWeather reckon viewers in the northern half of the US may get to catch a glimpse of the geomagnetic storm's fallout. Auroras are expected from Washington to New York, and may even reach as far south as Pennsylvania, Missouri, Colorado, and Northern California.

"The best viewing conditions are predicted across the Canadian Prairies and into Ontario, Minnesota, northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan," explained Brian Lada, a meteorologist at AccuWeather.

Meanwhile, folks across the pond in the UK might not get to see the Northern Lights. The bulk of the geomagnetic storm will hit during the day when it's too bright to see, according to the Met Office.

But there is a small chance it might be visible in northern Scotland during the evening. If the event is strong and lingers for long enough, however, it may be possible to view for those in northern England and Northern Ireland.

For readers in the Southern hemisphere, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's Space Weather Forecasting Centre predicts that the Southern Lights could be visible as far north as Victoria and other southern parts of the country.
 
AuroraWatch has just gone orange

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This is what the NOA says, but I do not understand it:

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The animal astronauts of Iran

Iran has sent a capsule carrying animals into space as it boosts its Western-contested space programme in preparation for human missions.

State media on Wednesday released a clip of the launch of an Iranian-made rocket carrying the capsule, which they said was successfully sent 130km (80 miles) into orbit.

The Salman rocket carried an “all indigenous” capsule weighing 500kg (1,100 pounds), which is reportedly the heaviest biological capsule ever successfully carried in the history of the Iranian space programme.

Neither state media nor Telecommunications Minister Isa Zarepour, who confirmed the news, said what kind of animals were in the capsule.

Iran started work on sending animals into space in the mid-2000s and had its first successful launch in 2010. It reported in 2013 that it had sent two monkeys into space and brought them back.

Dalirian claimed on Wednesday that the administration of President Ebrahim Raisi has “effectively revived” work on Iran’s longer-term goal of sending humans into space.

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NASA streamed its 1st video from deep space via laser. More important, it's of a cat​

Taters the cat chasing a laser pointer actually marked a historic scientific milestone

It's not every day that a video of a cat goes viral.

OK, it's not every day that a video of a cat goes viral and marks a historical milestone for space exploration. But that's what happened when NASA's Deep Space Optical Communications experiment beamed an ultra-high definition streaming video back to Earth on Dec. 11 from 31 million kilometers away, or about 80 times the Earth-Moon distance.

The 15-second test video is part of a NASA technology demonstration aimed at streaming very high-bandwidth video and other data from deep space — enabling future human missions beyond Earth's orbit, according to the space agency's press release.

But more importantly, perhaps to some, is the subject of the video: a cat named Taters chasing a laser pointer on a couch. That's it. That's the whole video.

"Everyone loves Taters," explained Bill Klipstein, the tech demo's project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). He further explained that they wanted a fun video "to make this significant event more memorable."

The video of Taters, who belongs to one of the employees at the JPL, was uploaded before the launch. The video signal took 101 seconds to reach Earth, sent at the system's maximum bit rate of 267 megabits per second (Mbps).

NASA researchers note "it paves the way for higher-data-rate communications capable of sending complex scientific information, high-definition imagery, and video in support of humanity's next giant leap: sending humans to Mars."

Cats in space​

Somehow, this isn't even the first time a cat video has been used to mark a technology transmission. Starting in 1928, a small statue of the cartoon character Felix the Cat was used to test early television broadcast transmissions. According to Poynter, the image was broadcast for two hours day, "simply turning on a turntable." (Would watch.)

Taters also isn't the first cat to make space-travel history. In 1963, a cat named Félicette (named after Felix the Cat, the very same cartoon character) had the honour in real life when France decided to send a feline into orbit.

Félicette spent about five minutes in space and survived, only to be euthanized two months later so scientists could examine how space flight affected her body, according to BBC.

In 2019, after a Kickstarter campaign was launched to honour the cat's contributions, a bronze statue of Félicette was unveiled at the International Space University in Strasbourg, France.

One can hope for a happier outcome, but similar accolades, for Taters.
https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/taters-cat-video-nasa-1.7063771
 

Neptune and Uranus seen in true colours for first time​

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Our ideas of the colours of the planets Neptune and Uranus have been wrong, research led by UK astronomers reveals.

Images from a space mission in the 1980s showed Neptune to be a rich blue and Uranus green.

But a study has discovered that the two ice giant planets are both similar shades of greenish blue.

It has emerged that the earlier images of Neptune had been enhanced to show details of the planet's atmosphere, which altered its true colour.

"They did something that I think everyone on Instagram will have done at some time in their life, they tweaked the colours," Prof Catherine Heymans, Astronomer Royal for Scotland and a University of Edinburgh astrophysics professor, told BBC Radio 4's Today.

"They accentuated the blue just to reveal the features that you can see in Neptune's atmosphere, and that's why the image looks very blue, but in reality, Neptune is actually pretty similar to Uranus."

Astronomers have long known that most modern images of the two planets do not accurately reflect their true colours, according to Prof Patrick Irwin from the University of Oxford, who led the research.

"Even though the artificially saturated colour was known at the time amongst planetary scientists - and the images were released with captions explaining it - that distinction had become lost over time."

Dr Robert Massey, deputy director of the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS), explained that enhancing images was normal procedure in astronomical research.

"You would be foolish to look at an astronomy image and not think it was enhanced. They have to be, because that is how they are processed in order to see things.

"It's not that there was any conspiracy to keep it from the public!"

Prof Irwin and his team processed the original data to produce what is claimed to be ''the most accurate representation yet'' of the colour of both Neptune and Uranus.

The initial misconception arose because images captured of both planets by Nasa's Voyager 2 spacecraft mission recorded its images in three separate colours.

True colours​

The images were recombined to create the composite colour images, which were not always accurately balanced. The contrast was also strongly enhanced to bring out details in the clouds, bands and winds of the planets. In the case of Neptune, both processes made it bluer than it really was.

In the recent study, the researchers used data from the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph and the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer on the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope.

In both instruments, each pixel is a continuous spectrum of colours which enables the researchers to produce the true colours of both planets.

The analysis revealed that Uranus and Neptune are a similar shade of greenish blue, although researchers found a slight difference. Neptune has a slight hint of additional blue, which the model reveals to be because of a thinner haze layer on that planet.

The study also showed that Uranus appears a little greener during its summer and winter, when one of its poles is pointed towards the Sun. But during spring and autumn, when the Sun is over the equator, it has a bluer tinge.
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-67892275
 
The 737 Max is back!

https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/18/business/boeing-737-max-approval/index.html

Took about 20 months.


I'm sure the FAA wouldn't have certified it again if it was still a death trap.

The 737 Max is back again 3 years later!

171 of them have now been grounded today by the FAA after an emergency window blew out forming a hole in the side of a plane full of passengers.



The flight, traveling from Portland to Ontario, California, faced severe depressurization, causing the ejection of a large window section and an unoccupied seat.

Thankfully that one seat that fell 10,000+ feet (3+ km) was empty.

#Woeing
 
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Thankfully that one seat that fell 10,000+ feet (3+ km) was empty.
That is so lucky. I do not know what it is like in internal US flights like that, but there are not many spare seats on most flights I take.
 
That is so lucky. I do not know what it is like in internal US flights like that, but there are not many spare seats on most flights I take.

I know right. Lucky!

Might be time to dust off the old thread.

 
That is so lucky. I do not know what it is like in internal US flights like that, but there are not many spare seats on most flights I take.

So the whole seat didn't take a 2 mile plunge, but the headrest did. :twitch:


Parts of the seat next to the fuselage, including the headrest, were missing.


The flight audio during the event has been erased.

Investigators will never know exactly what the Alaska Airlines pilots were saying last week in the chaotic, loud first moments after a door plug blew off a Boeing 737 MAX 9, leaving a hole in the side of its fuselage shortly after takeoff.

That’s because the cockpit voice recorder – one of the virtually indestructible so-called black boxes onboard every airliner – has a critical weakness: a short memory span.

Under US standards, cockpit voice recorders, or CVRs, are set up to record on a two-hour loop. As each cycle repeats, the previous audio is overwritten with new sound – a factor that has impacted 10 investigations in the last five years, including several probes into near-collisions on US runways in 2023, according to National Transportation Safety Board Chair Jennifer Homendy.

“Cockpit voice recorders aren’t just convenient … they are critical to helping us accurately pinpoint what was going on,” she said in a news conference Sunday night. “And it’s key to safety.”

I feel safe!


An iPhone which flew out of the plane landed perfectly intact.

And yet when I drop my smartphone. :shake:
 
The telemetry stopped at 8:04 with a flash as Starship blew part of itself up to abort.
The Flight Termination System (FTS)



Here is a telescope that saw the flash and zoomed in at 8:10 to see the following minute :D


Death spiral at 100 miles up.

If anyone watches the original full video, at 7:06 Starship turns from a large glowing dot into a bushy-tailed comet :eek:
The Liquid Oxygen Gauge (LOX) starts falling a lot faster than the Liquid Methane Guage (CH4) over the next 60 seconds.
Fuel leak?

After a minute of that I guess the computer calculated there was no way to achieve the mission.
CH4 needs the Liquid Oxygen to combust and burn in space.

The cause of Starship #2 2nd stage failure has been released.


According to Musk, the explosion took place because SpaceX had to vent excess oxygen out of the ship. Testing new rockets typically sees companies use a mass simulator for a payload to simulate flight conditions, and Musk added that the explosion could have been avoided had SpaceX used an actual payload for orbital delivery.

Instead of a dummy payload, they used more rocket fuel?

Well, I'm not a genius.
I'm sure there were good reasons.
 
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like tomorrow they should be sending 3 people to ISS ? Sure that it won't blow up with people on board .
 
So the whole seat didn't take a 2 mile plunge, but the headrest did. :twitch:





The flight audio during the event has been erased.



I feel safe!


An iPhone which flew out of the plane landed perfectly intact.

And yet when I drop my smartphone. :shake:

In Europe cockpit voice recorders are required to store 25 hours of data before the audio is rewritten. I think we should do the same in the US, or at least raise the limit to 8 hours to cover the entirety of a coast-to-coast flight with some time to spare.
 
Considering the cost of storage these days it seems a bit mad not to.
 
I suspect they were compliant with the relevant international standard for cockpit recording.

And a problem with international standards is getting the standards updated.

That is one of the reasons I am generally sceptical about treaty imposed standards.
 
I have to point out that the international grouping "In Europe" seem to manage it and the very powerful national organisation (FAA?) seems not to.
 
Please expand the abbreviation FAA.
I meant the Federal Aviation Administration, but I do not know who makes these particular rules. I am fairly sure whoever it is answers to the POTUS and no one else.
 
JAXA's SLIM space probe made it successfully to the Moon, but its solar panels aren't working, so it may not be able to conduct the science that researchers wanted it to. The goal was to use the spectrometer to determine the composition of the Mare Nectaris section of the Moon.

 
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