When people claim society now is better than its ever been they often point to the wide availability of consumer goods, as if that's one of the pillars of human joy.
But clearly the ability to consume whatever we want, whenever we want for whatever reason we want is not a freedom that's sustainable.
How would the creation, selling & disposal/recycling of goods (and services minus the last bit) work in an ideal world?
I think the distribution of goods is frequently a bigger challenge and a bigger driver of cost than the production of goods. So I think some form of clean & cheap energy generation or energy storage that can be applied to ships, trains and trucks would be a part of an "ideal" vision for the future. Currently the generation of energy in transportation requires fuel that must itself be transported to the consumer. If cargo ships and trucks could run on, I dunno, solar power and batteries, there'd be no need for oil and diesel. Around here, there's some consciousness about "buying local", but frankly, those goods are often
more expensive than the stuff shipped by the tens (hundreds? thousands?) of tons from halfway around the world. What the world needs is a quiet, robotic, "Panamax" cargo ship that runs on solar and wind power. (Someone in yonder thread mentioned
The Hunt for Red October. Imagine a robotic, solar & wind-powered cargo ship using a "caterpillar drive.") Also, eliminating oil and liquified natural gas as energy sources would dramatically cut the amount of ocean traffic. I think transport of liquid fuels accounts for something like half of all maritime traffic, and a lot of the liquid fuel we ship is for other ships, which then go and get the bananas we eat and the computer chips we put in everything. Trains and trucks too, of course. People are working on the "last mile" problem with things like drones, but if we had a network of electrically-powered, automated vehicles, that problem is solved. It's something out of a sci-fi movie, of course, but not one that's set hundreds of the years in the future, like
Star Trek. A utopian vision like I'm describing could be 50 years from now, not 500.
I'm also wondering how far off 3D printing technology that can "print" electronics is. Being able to simply craft durable consumer goods at home would reduce the need to transport all that stuff. I also wonder if a 3D printer-in-reverse is theoretically possible. If you can "print" a new chip for your PC, could you put your old CPU in the same machine and reduce it to its components? What about textiles? Is there, even hypothetically, a 3D printer in the next 50 years that can make a pair of socks?