Depends who I'm replying to.
If you want a serious overview of searching in Windows:
File searching: Should work pretty much the same across any Windows OS (other than being dramatically faster in newer ones). From windows/file explorer, select the folder/drive you want to search in, type in the search box, including wildcards if you want any.
Start menu/screen searching: This is separate from the search in windows/file explorer and is not system-wide, it only searches indexed locations (by default, your start menu and your users folder). This is a drastically better and faster paradigm than clicking through layers of the start menu to open programs. Win8 kind of mangled this by splitting up files/folders/settings results, but 8.1 unifies everything together again.
Re: Organizing stuff - the better your stuff is organized, the better search works! If everything is organized into a folder structure of your choice, you just need to hit the windows key, type the name of any folder, and you're immediately in the folder and depth of your choice.