UNITED NATIONS The United Nations Security Council approved a measure on Thursday authorizing all necessary measures to protect Libyan civilians from harm at the hands of forces loyal to Colonel Muammar el-Qaddafi.
The measure allows not only a no-fly zone but effectively any measures short of a ground invasion to halt attacks that might result in civilian fatalities. It comes as Colonel Qaddafi warned residents of Benghazi, Libya, the rebel capital, that an attack was imminent and promised lenient treatment for those who offered no resistance.
We are coming tonight, Colonel Qaddafi said. You will come out from inside. Prepare yourselves from tonight. We will find you in your closets.
Speaking on a call-in radio show, he promised amnesty for those who throw their weapons away but no mercy or compassion for those who fight. Explosions were heard in Benghazi early Friday, unnerving residents there, Agence-France Presse reported.
The United States, originally leery of any military involvement in Libya, became a strong proponent of the resolution, particularly after the Arab League approved a no-fly zone, something that Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton called a game changer
With the recent advances made by pro-Qaddafi forces in the east, there was a growing consensus in the Obama administration that imposing a no-fly zone by itself would no longer make much of a difference and that there was a need for more aggressive airstrikes that would make targets of Colonel Qaddafis tanks and heavy artillery an option sometimes referred to as a no-drive zone. The United States or its allies might also send military personnel to advise and train the rebels, an official said.
In the most strident verbal attack on Colonel Qaddafi to date by an American official, Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton said Thursday that the Western powers had little choice but to provide critical military backing for the rebels. We want to support the opposition who are standing against the dictator, she told an applauding audience in Tunisia on Thursday. This is a man who has no conscience and will threaten anyone in his way.
She added that Colonel Qaddafi would do terrible things to Libya and its neighbors. Its just in his nature. There are some creatures that are like that.
The Qaddafi government responded to the potential United Nations action with threats.
Any foreign military act against Libya will expose all air and maritime traffic in the Mediterranean Sea to danger and civilian and military facilities will become targets of Libyas counter-attack, it said in a statement carried on Libyan television and the official news agency, JANA, Reuters reported. The Mediterranean basin will face danger not just in the short-term, but also in the long-term.
There were reports on Thursday that warplanes were already bombarding the outskirts of Benghazi for a second day, opening shots, perhaps, in the battle. And after days of batterings at the hands of Qaddafi loyalists, the opposition forces welcomed the promise of Western assistance.
Rebel leaders doubted that the loyalist forces could mount an assault on Benghazi tonight, in that they were still contesting Ajdabiya, 100 miles to the south, on Thursday morning. But witnesses said there were skirmishes on the road to Benghazi in the afternoon, about 30 miles from Ajdabiya.
Mohamed, a rebel spokesman in the embattled, rebel held city of Misurata the last major rebel foothold in the west welcomed the new American tone. We are very heartened yesterday by the moves in the United Nations Security Council and the urgency of the American stand, he said, speaking over a satellite phone.
Forces loyal to Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi massed outside Misurata on Thursday, apparently in preparation for an attack. Musa Ibrahim, a spokesman for the Qaddafi government, confirmed that its forces were preparing to take the city in the same way they did Zawiya, another western town that had been held by the rebels.
It starts in the beginning by surrounding the city, he said, then moving slowly to avoid casualties. Rebels in Zawiyah described heavy casualties at least dozens during the Qaddafi forces siege of that city. But Mr. Ibrahim said that in Misuratah the army was not moving, along with local volunteers, to rid the city of any rebel snipers who might be hiding in buildings.
It should be finished up tomorrow if not today, Mr. Ibrahim added.