The Rise of Polish Positivism
The late-eighteeneth century was, for the most part, status-quo. the old empires of France and the Federated Kingdom had solidified their dominance of both hempisphres; the empire of the Germans had reached new heights, amid rumors that trouble was brewing in Bavaria. And in Poland, a new order was beginning.
The beginning of the so-called "Romantic" period of Polish history began in 1822, with publication of Adam Mickiewicz's first poems in 1822. Unlike the romantic periods of other countries in Europe, Poland's was not limited to literature and the arts. No, it was a time of social and political upheaveal. After the Empire's war with Sweden, the people of Poland had sought comfort in literature; it was not their weapons that had failed them, no. Many strongly believed that it was the lack of nationalism. And when writers like Bernatowicz, Czajkowski, and Fredro began publishing their works, the people sought their literature as a way of uniting them, and Poland. It was a time of emotion, of love stories, of runaway princes and brides, and of a new found sense of nationalism. But the "emotional fever" that swept Poland led to people doing crazy things. Poland's leaders were proposing crazy things. This emotion that had inspired a new nationalism would also lead Poland to mass suicide if things were not though out properly.
A new generation of writers soon appeared, realizing that while a sense of nationalism was found, a new sense of reason must be found. There was a reason to everything, wasn't there? The Polish people had a reason, to pursue reason. Literature had affected Poland during the age of romanticism, but even more a quickly something else was spreading. Emotion wouldn't win battles... emotion woudn't strengthen the nation. Emotion would lead to death.
The new authors began publishing books on this new theory of reason. Nationalism had been found, and now a purpose must be sought. A new period had begun, a period that the writer Adam Asnyk has dubbed a period of "positivism."
A period of purpose.
Reason before emotion - the three words that took over the empire.