Compare the 325BC, T102 saves. We're Alphabet+CoL+Civil Service clear of PD. Unfreakingbelievable. We have 4 cities and the Pyramids and they have 8 going on 10 cities. Their research pace has ground to a virtual halt because of massive maintenance costs.
Our biggest mistake, by a million miles, imo, was to not settle CPF instead of Horse Chitty.* That was the settler pump. Always, but ALWAYS build a settler pump as soon as possible. Brain damage. These things are not complicated folks. This has been true from the beginning of Civilization.
Aside from that, the 2LC condition truly screwed our minds. We were busy building COnfucian buildings for the double culture, wonders for their culture, etc. And Theology. Bugger me blue, baby. I take full blame for that insanity.
We were so far ahead of PD at that point that it's truly pathetic. They still hadn't even scoped out Brennus' land, had no foreign trade routes with anyone. +7gpt at 0% slider.

+1 plusmods with both Brennus and Ramesses. 0 beakers into Alpha.
PD also had some good fortune in that the barbs settled three very nice cities for them, two quite early that more or less eliminated further barb spawning on their home landmass. We had to deal with barb archers and axemen. But that's trivial compared to our blundering failure to build a settler pump.
CIV has certain basic basics:
1. Food is King (=settler+workers)
2. Knowledge is Power (=research+exploration)
Only fools and infants ignore these basics.
Don't get me wrong, though. Not to take anything away from the PD. To go from T102 at 7gpt 0% research to T196 Sushi is phenomenal and how they did that is to be studied and imitated until all required lessons are learned.
---
*We didn't even need that city for access to the horses after getting COnfucianism in Orleans.