According to wikipedia and a few other sites I viewed, the Phonecians were a monarchy until 480 BC, when most of the power held by the king or 308 BC, when the monarch Bomilcar attempted a coup to regain his power, leading to the nation becoming a republic in name, to reflect it's form.
I suggest we make the Phonecians start with monarchy as their government instead of republic. Their cities will not be able to take advantage of the bonus from specialists for quite some time, and both Sur and Qart Hadasht have a farm that they will lose 1 food from. I believe the lower maintenance of monarchy, removed penalties to food, and flexibility afforded by the happy police far outweighs the food from specialists and military rushing.
They usually won't have specialists until much later, due to Sur needing to build settlers to found the first 4 cities to move the palace to Carthage, and after that the workers to get their 3 other cities up to speed at a proper rate. Meanwhile, they will not have the opportunity to attack Rome, their only historical territory that requires conquest, until much later in the game, making military rushing a unused bonus.