Winner
Diverse in Unity
that name looks hard to pronounce.
English pronunciation is sooooo limited. I have absolutely no problem with Ank(ý)ra

that name looks hard to pronounce.
In order:
Too far south for what?
In ruins due to events that happened after the PoD. Surely the raid of 838 didn't happen in TTL, did it?
Coastal cities are also main trade arteries, and they aren't that vulnerable to attack. It's damned hard to make an amphibious landing in the real world.
You mentioned Nikaia three times; it is a suitable major city, and I don't understand your coastal objections.
Trebizond being on the coasts doesn't make sense as an objection. Presumably the Byzantines would have a half-decent navy?
You also didn't say anything about Kaisareia.
Why are you switching the capital anyway? The Byzantine state was insanely top-heavy in terms of Constantinopolitan importance. You lose that city, you damn near lose the state and society, whether you're just 'moving the capital' on a lark or being pushed out by attack. Few other societies come as near to collapse as the Byzantines did in the OTL Fourth Crusade when Constantinople fell, and it was chiefly due to the total lack of interest by the Latins in pursuing policies agreeable to the Byzantines and to their great deficiencies in military power (the expedition was frickin' miniscule) that Byzantine society survived the first years of the Frangokratia at all.
Iirc Thessalonike was called the Symvasileuousa (Συμβασιλεύουσαwhich means co-reigning city. Reigning, obviously, along with Constantinople
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It fluctuated.really? that makes sense actually.
one question: throughout history until the fall of Constantinople was Byzantium generally stronger than its neighbors or was it generally weaker?
(i know in the latter years it was weaker...)
It probably was the strongest, in the late era, under the reign of Basil II. And then it was huge:
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I read that in the Matzikert era (immediately before it) it could raise armies of 1 million soldiers, so still it was a massive force.
Unfortunately, even then it was less than a quarter of the size of the Roman Empire at its height. Though, considering its numerous powerful enemies and internal struggles, that was impressive.
ouch. that looks a lot more powerful than any other state in that time.
coudl the roman empire at its height (117 AD) mobilize a million soliders? it probabaly could, but they woudl be so spread out it woudlent matter. Byzantium had a much smaller erea and still managed a million man army when the need arises, giving them more military density.
You can tell that by just looking at surface area at a specific moment in time?
I guess that means that the Sassanid Empire was so unstoppably powerful around 620 or so, right?
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The Byzantines by the turn of the millennium rarely mobilized large amounts of troops. It was more like hired large amounts of mercenaries.
He brought the shortening of the way.Of course. They had the Kwisatz Haderach against them.
then obviously the Sassinaids were worst off so they did indeed lose the war.
if Byzantium was more damaged than the Sassanids, how come it was Sassanids who fell?
The Sassanians were a dynasty of Persia. Just as many of the Roman dynasties had peaks and then were eliminated, so it was the case that Persia had many regimes. As a geopolitical entity, Iran remained quite powerful for another millenium.