The Genographic Project

RedWolf

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Ok - possibly there has already been a thread about this but if so I haven't seen it.

This is the coolest, most fascinating thing I've read about in a while so I thought I'd share it. Essentially it's a project to map human migratory and evolutionary paths over the course of our history. Instead of trying to explaining it in my own words I'll provide the synopsis from the web:

The Genographic Project


The National Geographic Society, IBM, geneticist Spencer Wells, and the Waitt Family Foundation have launched the Genographic Project, a five-year effort to understand the human journey—where we came from and how we got to where we live today. This unprecedented effort will map humanity's genetic journey through the ages.

The fossil record fixes human origins in Africa, but little is known about the great journey that took Homo sapiens to the far reaches of the Earth. How did we, each of us, end up where we are? Why do we appear in such a wide array of different colors and features?

Such questions are even more amazing in light of genetic evidence that we are all related—descended from a common African ancestor who lived only 60,000 years ago.

Though eons have passed, the full story remains clearly written in our genes—if only we can read it. With your help, we can.

When DNA is passed from one generation to the next, most of it is recombined by the processes that give each of us our individuality.

But some parts of the DNA chain remain largely intact through the generations, altered only occasionally by mutations which become "genetic markers." These markers allow geneticists like Spencer Wells to trace our common evolutionary timeline back through the ages.

"The greatest history book ever written," Wells says, "is the one hidden in our DNA."

Different populations carry distinct markers. Following them through the generations reveals a genetic tree on which today's many diverse branches may be followed ever backward to their common African root.

Our genes allow us to chart the ancient human migrations from Africa across the continents. Through one path, we can see living evidence of an ancient African trek, through India, to populate even isolated Australia.

But to fully complete the picture we must greatly expand the pool of genetic samples available from around the world. Time is short.

In a shrinking world, mixing populations are scrambling genetic signals. The key to this puzzle is acquiring genetic samples from the world's remaining indigenous peoples whose ethnic and genetic identities are isolated.

But such distinct peoples, languages, and cultures are quickly vanishing into a 21st century global melting pot.

That's why the Genographic Project has established ten research laboratories around the globe. Scientists are visiting Earth's remote regions in a comprehensive effort to complete the planet's genetic atlas.

But we don't just need genetic information from Inuit and San Bushmen—we need yours as well. If you choose to participate and add your data to the global research database, you'll help to delineate our common genetic tree, giving detailed shape to its many twigs and branches.

Together we can tell the ancient story of our shared human journey.


The most interesting part on a personal level is that anybody can participate. You can provide them with a DNA sample and they will provide you with information about your ancestors and where you came from and when. The only catch is that it'll cost you $100 (US). I'm seriously considering participating but instead keep thinking of the "things" I could buy for $100 instead. :)

Anyway just wanted to share this with everyone. I figure there's enough geeks on here that somebody will be as fascinated with it as I am. Who knows - somebody might even shell out the cash to participate. Or possibly somebody here already has? If so it would be pretty neat if you would share your results here when you eventually get them.
 
Sweet they have a website now. I read about it on Reuters back in March or April, but no website was up. I am so buying a kit.
 
They have a website now, and you brought that to everyone’s attention, so in the end not a worthless thread and the website is cool.
 
I'll have my family results soon and will post them.
 
Birdjaguar said:
I'll have my family results soon and will post them.

That's great. I'm still considering it.. Hoping I can talk my brother or father into going "halfs" with me... :)
 
Gabryel Karolin said:
I would love to do this. But I want to be sure its worth it first :p (Student = Poor). Have any of you rich people gotten your results yet?

Same here, it looks really interesting but 100 dollars is a lot.
 
I got our first set of results; one more to go. We did this as a family. My sister and my mom provided samples so we can see how our mother differs from kids. Our dad (and his siblings) are dead so we cannot track his side any other way. What you get is very macro level. my sister came out as a Haplogroup H. This is one of the most common and makes up 50% of Europeans. Not surprising since I'm Scotish & English on my mother's side and Irish and French on my dads. I suspect the next results will the same.

I got a map and a two page report. I will scan and post them this weekend. From what I post you'll be able to judge the value to you. More than anything, you are contributing to the research.
 
Here is the report on Halogroup H. Most of what the give you is already on the website, but by paying for thetest they tell you which data applies to you. The map is a tiny one of Europe with the lines of the H lineages.

HAPLOGROUP H

Your mtDNA results identify you as a member of haplogroup H. This haplogroup is the final destination of a genetic journey that began some 150,000 years ago with an ancient mtDNA haplogroup called L3.

Haplogroup L3 occurs only in Africa, but on that continent its derivatives are found nearly everywhere. L3's subclades are most prevalent in East Africa.

This ancient lineage reflects an early divergence from humanity's common genetic coalescence point.

"Mitochondrial Eve," the common ancestor of all living humans, was born in Africa some 150,000 years ago. All existing MtDNA diversity began with Eve and it remains greatest, and subsequently oldest, in Africa.

Y chromosome polymorphisms on the male line of descent also point to an African origin for all humans, but our male common ancestor, "Adam," lived only about 60,000 years ago.

MtDNA and the Y chromosome are independent parts of our genetic makeup and each tells a different tale of successive genetic mutations over the eons. That is why their approximate coalescence points are different. Yet while the dates vary, both paths point emphatically to a surprisingly recent African origin for all humans.

The oldest known fossil remains of anatomically modern humans were found in Ethiopia's Omo River Valley. The skeletons, known as Omo I and Omo II, have been dated to about 195,000 years ago.

Although haplogroup L3 does not appear outside of Africa it is an important part of the human migrations from that continent to the rest of the world. ~

A single person of the L3 Lineage gave rise to the M and N haplogroups some 80,000 years ago.

All Eurasian mtDNA lineages are subsequently descended from these two groups.

The African Ice Age was characterized by drought rather than by cold. But about 50,000 years ago a period of warmer temperatures and moist climate made even parts of the arid Sahara habitable. The climatic shift likely spurred hunter-gatherer migrations into a steppe-like Sahara-and beyond.

This "Saharan Gateway" led humans out of Africa to the Middle East. The route they took is uncertain. They may have traveled north down the Nile to the Mediterranean coast and the Sinai. Alternatively, they may have crossed what was then a land bridge connecting the Bab al Mandab to Arabia, after which they either skirted the then-lush, verdant eastern coast of the Red Sea or headed east along the Gulf of Aden towards the Arabian Sea.

When the climate again turned arid, expanding Saharan sands slammed the Saharan Gateway shut. The desert was at its driest between 20,000 and 40,000 years ago, and during this period Middle East migrants became isolated from Africa.

From their new Middle East location, however, they would go on to populate much of the world.

N is a macro-haplogroup descended from the African lineage L3. This line of descent, with haplogroup M, traces the first human migrations out of Africa. The ancient members of haplogroup N spawned sublineages found across Eurasia and, eventually, the Americas.

Early members of this group lived in the eastern Mediterranean and Near East region, where they likely coexisted for a time with pre-modern hominids such as Neanderthals. Excavations in Israel's Kebara cave (Mount Carmel) have unearthed Neanderthal skeletons at least as recent as 60,000 years old.

Growing cognitive abilities likely gave these Upper Paleolithic humans tremendous social advantages, evidenced by the appearance of modern thought and behavior. This "great leap forward" may have enabled our ancestors to out compete and eventually replace evolutionary dead-end lineages such as Neanderthals.

The macro-haplogroup N is composed of many subclades, which are often geographically distinct.

Learning more about these subclades will add further clarity to the big picture of human genetic diversity, and is a primary goal of the Genographic Project.

Haplogroup R is descended from N and has since dispersed across much of the globe. The lineage, in its many subgroups appears on all continents except Australia and Antarctica.

Subgroups preHV, U, T, and J are found in Europe and the Near East. The R5 and R6 lineages arose on the Indian subcontinent.

Haplogroup H is a large lineage that first appeared on the R line of descent. Half of all Europeans are group H. Many North Africans and Middle Easterners are also members of this group, which has numerous subdivisions limited to more specific geographic locales.

Hs geographic distribution reaches as far as northern India and central Asia. Even on these fringes of its vast range it occurs in about 5 to 10 percent of all people tested.

The first mtDNA to be fully sequenced belonged to a European individual of haplogroup H.
 
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