The greatest books of all time on history and/or the military

Clausewitzian

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The greatest books of all time on history and/or the military

Which do you consider to be the best and/or your favorite. Please state the title, its author and give a brief synopsis of its contents for those of us who don't know it. And tell whatever other tidbits you want to share.

For instance:

(military)

The Art of War by Sun Tzu:
Timeless masterpiece that gives a very concise overview of many high- and low level aspects you need to consider when waging war. Ignore the added comments by later chinese commentators, they usually detract or add confusion to the flow of ideas. Requires enough intelligence to move ancient world examples to the modern battlefield, but the points made remain valid today. Said to have been Mao's bible on how he conducted the communist uprising in China. Overly enthsiastic amateurs will quote some obscure line or verse from Sun Tzu and think they've said something profound.


On War by Von Clausewitz:
Semi philosophical investigation into the nature of war and the practical consequences thereof in warfare. Clausewitz, who personally participated in many of the Napoleonic era wars, died just as he was starting to complety rewrite the manuscript. Had he finished, we would have had a much shorter, more consistent book. Here some knowledge of Napoleonic era warfare is helpfull to translate his examples to the modern era.
Take comments from its detractors with a heavy pinch of salt. They'll usually say "Clauswtitz said XYZ" when in reality, if you read it in Clausewitz's context, he meant something rather different. His concept of absolute war in particular gets much abuse, up to and including the claim that many of the evils of WWI were a consequence of the adoption of his thoughts. Interestingly, a basic outline of the von Schlieffen plan can be found in the last section of his work.
The book is presently used as the cornerstone from which the modern day US army (and marine core) examine and discuss their military doctrine. You don't get more relevant than that!



Now its your turn. You wouldn't be here if you didn't have a couple of favorites of your own. Please do share them with us.
 
Mahan's The Influence of Sea Power Upon History.
Caesar's Commentarii - the author alone makes them important, not to mention their other qualities.
 
Which part?
The one copied from J.F.C Fuller?
The one copied from Basil Liddell Hart?
Or the one copied from De Gaulle (Le fil de l'épée, published in 1932, where De Gaulle presented the basics of the theory of armored warfare, or vers l'armée de métier in 1934 where he went deeper in details)?
 
Hey Eli, I like your choices. Mahan I've read, and Caesar I've come across fragments of, though I never felt the need to read the orginal in its entirety. But a guy who reads the source material has my respect.

Cool, Steph. I wasn't aware there were any pre WWII french works on armored warfare. Makes sense, when you consider the french made their own tanks. Did De Gaulle favor the way tanks were used in the french army, or was he a radical, like Hart & Fuller? Wait, never mind. If Guderian borrowed from him, then there can only be one answer. :)

All right, different question. Was there any connection between the work of Hart/Fuller and De Gaulle, or did they develop independantly?
 
Cool, Steph. I wasn't aware there were any pre WWII french works on armored warfare. Makes sense, when you consider the french made their own tanks. Did De Gaulle favor the way tanks were used in the french army, or was he a radical, like Hart & Fuller? Wait, never mind. If Guderian borrowed from him, then there can only be one answer. :)

All right, different question. Was there any connection between the work of Hart/Fuller and De Gaulle, or did they develop independantly?
I don't know exactly what connection De Gaulle's work have with the English/ British, but don't forget in WWI, the British and French produce WAY MORE tanks than the Germans. The French produce almost 4,000 Renault FT 17, while the Germans produced only 20 A7V! De Gaulle was heavily influenced by the Polish-Soviet War — by the use of tanks, rapid maneuvers and limited trench warfare (he volunteered in the French militaty mission in Poland, where he won the highest Polish military decoration).

But the French doctrine was to spread the tanks to support the infantry. De Gaulle was in favor of concentrated and mobile firepower, and wrote his book to develop such tactics. It wasn't appreciated much by the French high command. But Guderian read it, and from his own account used a good part of it to develop his own tactics.

During the battle of France, De Gaulle applied his tactics against the Germans, and won one of the few French tactical success at Caumont, 28 may 1940. Don't forget the French tanks at the time was on par if not better than the Germans: better armor, superior guns... But they were hindered by the "one man turret" principle and lack of radios.
However, without support from the rest of the army, his success had little general impact. Except giving him more legitimacy with a new rank of general.
 
I found Machiavelli's Art of War very hard to follow. My understanding of the work may also be compromised by my deep loathing for its author.
I also find it more of a period work than a general strategy treatise.

Cheezy the Wiz said:
My personal favorite is B.H. Liddell Hart's Strategy. I've not studied strategy substantially, but of the books I have read, this one is my favorite.
One of the most excellent military tomes ever! Strategy not only offers brief lessons in military history and how Liddell Hart's ideas of indirect approach apply to warfare throughout history, but also lays out concise, hard-and-fast maxims as well as more in depth looks at each of these and the reasons behind them. In the back of the book, the appendices (a letter from a British commander in the 8th Army in North Africa, and several IDF military affairs journal monographs) show how people took his ideas and applied them in modern combat. Truly a work for the ages!...
 
Which part?
The one copied from J.F.C Fuller?
The one copied from Basil Liddell Hart?
Or the one copied from De Gaulle (Le fil de l'épée, published in 1932, where De Gaulle presented the basics of the theory of armored warfare, or vers l'armée de métier in 1934 where he went deeper in details)?
To say they are copied is a gross exageration. Fuller's work was filled with unrealistic expectations for the advancement of Amored technology ahead of anything else (Including anti-tank warfare). To say its "copied" because other people were working on theories of tank warfare at the time is like saying Maham "copied" his work because people had already been working on their own "Theory of [naval warfare]".
 
I agree I overdid it by using "copy", which is indeed an exageration.
However, Guderian's book is not a "revolution" in itself, he based his work a lot on something done by others.
His true achievement was not in writing the book, but in making his superiors believe in his theory and allowing it to be applied.
Imagine if the French headquarters had listen to De Gaulle in 1934, spend 5 years to reform the army, and if it was the French who Blitzkrieged Germany in september 1939 juster after the Germans attacked Poland??
 
I know it's not about military strategy, but I thought Machiavelli's The Prince was a provoking read that contains ideas which are still relevant.
 
Any for you Great Book in/on history is allowed, including military history. Il Principe is such a one, it supposedly made a great impact in its heyday.

I've read it, but it didn't do much for me. In fact, I've completely forgotten all about its content. Not aware of the Antimachiavelli having had a similar impact in its heyday, but hey, it's author was Frederic the Great, and that fact alone makes it interesting in this list.

Never read Machiavelli's Art of War, but after the aforementioned dissapointing the Prince I lost interest in Machiavelli.

Maybe someday I should take Liddel Hart for a spin :)
His is one of those authors whose name keeps cropping up.

Good work. Keep up the interesting titles...
 
While Alfred Thayer Mahan's The Influence of Seapower Upon History has been mentioned previously, its sequel, The Influence of Seapower Upon the French Revolution and Empire, is equally as important.
 
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