I think I have updated SVN successfully (followed this guide:
https://github.com/caveman2cosmos/Caveman2Cosmos/wiki/Using-SVN - got a message: "Completed At Revision 11354). I noticed a font change on "Press <Enter> to end turn" prompt, and changes in various production bars. A little weird looking, but - after pressing <Enter>, the turn won't finish loading and the little man just keeps running. Still facing the same problem, unfortunately.
Might be worth noting that in the directory C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Sid Meier's Civilization IV Beyond the Sword\Beyond the Sword\Mods\Caveman2Cosmos, there are two "Configuration Setting" type files: "Caveman2Cosmos Config" and "Caveman2Cosmos" - in Explorer, the latter one has a red exclamation point next to it. This seems only to have occurred after loading my game and hitting that same wall.