Pangur Bán
Deconstructed
What is a barbarian but an "uncivilized" person. And what is "uncivilized" but a purely social construct, defined by the cultural context as to where a person lived and grew up.
What is truly uncivilized is a society without any social constructs, without a definition of what is the "right" way of living. Hence there are no such things as uncivilized societies.
Of course, the "right" way is not always a "good" way. Roman civilization was more comfortable than Gaelic civilization, yet both were civilized in their own ways.
"Barbarian" is really just an elevated way of saying "foreigner" or "outsider"; e.g. in the early and high middle ages the Welsh called the English barbarians, and the English likewise called the Welsh that, though from our point of view in the modern world their civilizations were identical in developmental levels.
A Roman living as an aristocrat in Rome or Antioch was of course more comfortable that a Gael from central Scotland or Ireland, but of course 99.9% of Romans led lives just about as comfortable as 99.9% of Gaels. Of course the Gaels were the most literate people in the early medieval West (who were the Frankish emperors turning to for instance?), so if they were "barbarians" in our sense, the French, Germans, Spanish and Vikings were "savages".
