News from Europe
DEATH OF THE SCANDINAVIAN EMPEROR. Stockholm, Scandinavia. The Norwegian emperor, and long-proclaimed King Harald died this year of definitively natural causes, as was determined by a Norwegian investigation. This immediately put to rest a number of conspiracy theories, as the Norwegians remained bound to the united empire. The Swedish queen, Empress Christina has become the new head of state, dominating the Scandinavian government, and becoming the titular monarch of all of Scandinavia's possessions. The return of the queen to the de facto rule of their nation has made a number of the old guard happy, as she has had notably less radical and more conservative tendencies than her late husband. Fortunately, the chain of succession is clear and a heir was produced out of the marriage early on. The new empress hopes to lead Scandinavia to a bright future in what remains of the nineteenth century.
NORMANDY COMPLETES RAILROAD DEVELOPMENT. Rouen, Normandy. The Normans have completed their national railroad system, with the city of Rouen being a major hub of activity and transportation. The new railroads are the cornerstone of a growing industrial and economic system in Western Europe. This has cemented Normandy's reputation as the gateway into France and its economic layout. The effort has also shown the sheer hauling power and capacity of railroads to European markets, allowing it to be the star of European commerce. The Norman government has lauded the effort, showing what can be done by a nation which sets its mind to progress.
WAR IN ITALY CONTINUES. Rome, Italy. The fighting for control over the Italian Peninsula continued this year, as the Papal led coalition against a united Italian state have begun pushing the hardest yet against the nationalist cause. The combined forces of Paris-Burgundy, Poland, Austria, Bavaria, and Spain have pressed forward against their outnumbered foe, hoping to bring about a decisive victory in the ongoing war. As in the past, the sheer size and scale of this conflict in Europe justifies a special section of its own. As promised, below is the full tale of the year's war in Italy.
FIRST IRONCLADS LAUNCHED. Liverpool, United Kingdom of Great Britain. Naval history was made this year as the world's first iron-hulled warships were launched by the British government. The Royal Navy has been substantially reinforced by these new vessels, the
Prince and her sister ship, the
Pauper. The British have proclaimed these, quite rightfully, to be the strongest warships in the world, easily withstanding the toughest firepower that most warships have to offer. The new armor uses secretive techniques to be welded together and yet still remain afloat, as shipyards elsewhere in the world begin to make attempts to replicate the new vessels. Regardless, it is undisputed that a new era in naval construction has begun with the launch of these two vessels.
RUSSIAN EMPIRE FORMED. Moscow, Russia. The result of the war in Kiev and a series of negotiations with the king of Novgorod has at last led to the proclamation of a united Russian Empire. After taking a course of hundreds of years, the Russians have at last been unified under a single spanning government. The feudal lords of Novgorod have all been allowed to retain their titles and most of their privileges, decentralizing the new state, but unifying the region's foreign policies. Much of this has come under increased pressure to unify internally, as well as the growing external pressures of both Stockholm and Moscow. The newly incorporated regions still remain fairly hostile to Scandinavian business, but have found shelter under the new government. The hope is that the new regime will lead the Russian people to unprecedented power and glory.
SPECIAL: War in Italy
THE SPANISH INVASION. Naples, Italy. The Spanish invasion force in southern Italy began the year by pushing immediately on to Rome, while reinforcements secured much of the southern tips of Italy to Spanish control. The main Spanish army soon engaged the Italians at a battle of the defenders' choosing near the town of Latina. The superior numbers of Spanish cavalry managed to neutralize what could have been a threat in mobilizing Italian militias, arresting or slaughtering any militias that managed to assemble with few casualties of their own. The Spanish then pushed against the prepared Italian positions, using their superior artillery to gain a decisive advantage, despite the Italians holding the heights. Thanks to the devastation of the Italian ranks, and the lack of any succor from the militias, the Spanish won a decisive victory, smashing through Italian lines. Italian cavalry rear guards were quickly overrun, and only a shadow of the Italian army managed to escape with its life. The Italians were forced to flee north of Rome, fleeing across the Tiber. An ill-fated attack later in the year led to the smashing of the remnants of the Italian army in the south, establishing a secure Spanish position over the heartland of Italy.
Casualty Lists
Empire of Spain: 8 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 3 Artillery Brigades
Italy: 12 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 5 Artillery Brigades
FIGHTING IN THE EAST. Vienna, Austria. The war took a dramatic turn in eastern Italy this year, as the coalition raced to assemble a defense against the Italians holding the Austrian forts in the Alps. Early in the year, raiding made it difficult for the Austrians to hold back the threat of invasion, but the constant arrival and development of reinforcements quickly made this an expensive enterprise. By early May, the coalition had assembled an incredible force, outnumbering the Italians nearly two to one. Through the use of what they termed a "Grand Battery," the coalition managed to break the fortifications and reclaim several passes, opening the way once more into Italy after a major battle. The Italians, badly mauled in their defeat, retreated once more, until they turned to hold Venice once again from attack. The coalition, through superior numbers and artillery, shattered the Italian army for good, sending the routing remnants fleeing towards Milan, where they regrouped with the rest of the main Italian army.
Casualty Lists
Austria: 7 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 3 Artillery Brigades
Bavaria: 5 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 1 Artillery Brigade
Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy: 1 Infantry Brigade, 1 Artillery Brigade
Poland: 4 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 3 Artillery Brigades
Italy: 13 Infantry Brigades, 4 Cavalry Brigades, 4 Artillery Brigades
FALL OF SAVOY. Turin, Italy. The end of much resistance in Switzerland has freed up the bulk of the Paris-Burgundian army for service in the siege of Turin. Facing three times as many soldiers and four times as many pieces of artillery, the Italians have found themselves at a severe disadvantage. The Burgundian armies have placed Turin under a heavier siege and attack than ever before, easily brushing aside raids and attempts to retake the passes to the north. The arrival of the free Swiss army briefly helped bolster the Italian cause, but overall, it was only a drop against the tide. With massive artillery firepower pouring upon the Italian positions, it was only a matter of time before the Italian lines broke. With the breach made, the Burgundians soon took Turin and smashed the Italian army in open battle. With Turin taken, the rest of Savoy soon fell to Burgundian arms, and the whole of the former kingdom of Savoy was lost. This has forced the remnants of the Italian to regroup in the east, as it appears that only Milan now truly stands against the coalition.
Casualty Lists
Italy: 12 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 4 Artillery Brigades
Switzerland: 1 Infantry Brigade, 1 Artillery Brigade
Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy: 10 Infantry Brigades, 3 Cavalry Brigades, 9 Artillery Brigades
News from the Americas
PRESIDENT DIES WITH COMPLETION OF TRANSPORT SCHEME. Managua, New Spain. President Carlos Rivera passed away this year, as the Transportation Scheme which held his name completed. The former President has won every election since the end of the war of independence against Spain, and has been the central authority of the nation's government. The new transportation scheme has created a system of roads, ferries, and even a few small pockets of localized rails to improve transit from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. This has done much to encourage trade, though some are less than pleased at the amount of the process owned by Spanish big business. Regardless, the program has been completed with just barely enough time for its mastermind to see it finished.
WAR OF THE AMERICAN PRESIDENCY COMES TO A CLOSE. New York City, United States of America. The war between the factions for the control of the United States has at last come to a close. Full Spanish involvement has led to a few final pitched battles for dominance in the United States and the governors have at last reached their final legs. The army of Scott initially pushed from the south, winning a major victory near that small community of Gettysburg once more, and then began pushing east. This came in connection with a Spanish invasion of Long Island, as they secured that position for an assault on New York City itself. With the arrival of Scott's main army and most of the governors' forces and militias around the city, the result was a vicious three-day battle which brought the war to a close. By the final day, the battle began falling into the city itself, where order collapsed and the fight became an unorganized melee between the combatants. Ultimately control was restored by President Scott's army and the defeat of the governors was apparent. Some of the governors were captured in the battle, but most appear to have fled. With the defeat of the main army, the states remaining in rebellion surrendered to Scott's forces, and an occupation has begun.
Casualty Lists
Empire of Spain: 2 Infantry Brigades
United States of America (Scott Faction): 10 Infantry Brigades, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 3 Artillery Brigades
United States of America (Gubernatorial Faction): 13 Infantry Brigades, 3 Cavalry Brigades, 5 Artillery Brigades
UNITED STATES ELECTIONS HELD. Washington D.C., United States of America. The first elections were held after the war, with the conclusion of hostilities in New York City in late June. The presidential and congressional elections held in November were notorious because the areas which rose in rebellion were barred from participating in the electoral process. States such as West Florida, New York, and Pennsylvania have been denied the privilege of electing Senators or Representatives to the national Congress. The current view has been that these regions are guilty of treason against the American government and that further investigation must take place before they are allowed to once more participate in the democratic system. As expected by everyone, President Scott easily won reelection against the weak opponent against him and the Republican Party, securing his control over the nation.
BRAZIL LAYS FOUNDATION FOR NEW STATUE. Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil. After several debates, the Empire of Brazil has settled upon designs for a new Statue of Liberty to be constructed atop the Corcovado Mountain. The Statue's foundations were laid this year, and features a feminine depiction of Lady Liberty, holding a mace, pledging to fight for liberty in Brazil and across the world. The project has been harshly criticized as an unneeded expense in these tough times, as the sheer logistics of scaling the heights make the project prohibitive in so many ways. Even hauling the materials needed to lay the foundation has only been half completed, though the first foundations were supposed to be laid this year. Many are suggesting this is quite likely to be a project that spans decades, not mere years.
BRAZILIAN FLEET RAIDS SANTIAGO. Santiago, Chile. After the establishment of a new dictatorship last year, the Empire of Brazil struck to eliminate the possible threat of the Chilean navy. After sailing across the cape, and surprising the Chilean navy at Santiago, the Brazilians managed to win an easy naval battle against their foes. The result was the utter destruction of Chile's unprepared navy by Brazil's task force. The Brazilians soon returned from the region, but this has had immediate consequences. The Chileans were outraged by this move and immediately expelled Brazil's ambassador, forcing them out entirely. This was followed by a blockade and constant outrage, uniting the Chilean people under the current government in hate for Brazil.
Casualty List
Chile: 6 Second Rate Warships, 2
Libertador-class Warships
TREATY CONFIRMS NEW US-SCANDINAVIAN BORDER. Haroldstad, Scandinavia. The recent victory of President Scott over the rebellious governors in the east has had ramifications elsewhere across North America. The new Treaty of Haroldstad has once more confirmed the borders between the United States of America and the Scandinavian colony of Vinland. The border has once again been confirmed at the 50th parallel, and the Scandinavians have withdrawn protection from settlers in the region. The American government has reopened the region for expansion and settlement, after paying Scandinavia for the new territories.
News from Africa and the Middle East
TUNISIAN MONARCH PASSES ON. Tunis, Tunis. Yusuf Pasha of Tunis passed away this year, after suffering through several strokes over the course of the first few months. The former ruler of Tunis led his nation to new heights of trade and prosperity over the course of his rule, creating a thriving rivalry with the merchants of Sardinia. The ruler also managed to sever ties with the Caliphate, forging a path for a truly independent Tunisian nation. His glorious reign lives as an example and legend to the Tunisian people, and his son vows to continue his memory through his own actions. The new monarch has vowed to maintain his nation's friendship with Tripolitania as well as continuing economic growth and trade throughout the Mediterranean.
SOUTH AFRICA RETURNS TO THE BRITISH FOLD. Grahamstown, United Kingdom of Great Britain. After several years of negotiating with the South African leadership, the British Prime Minister was proud to announce this year the return of South Africa to the empire. The South Africans have negotiated for a system allowing them to govern some of their own affairs, as well as recognizing the locally elected Congress. The new government has sworn loyalty to the British crown for these boons, establishing a democratic regime under the imperial throne. The hopes are that the South Africans will remain proud members of the empire, while retaining their own distinctive identity.
News from the Far East
THE WAR IN CHINA. Peking, Ascendant's Kingdom of Holy China. The war in China has definitely taken a turn for the worse for the Ascendant cause, as the massively overwhelming forces of Europe have been turned against them. In the south, overwhelming numbers of British troops established a series of forts and positions to secure the territory, reestablishing law and order throughout southern China. Raids by the Ascendants failed to make much headway, as the British bases remained well fortified and prepared for any such attacks. The Spanish had similar successes, securing control over a good part of the Chinese coastal islands, and then extending their control onto the mainland. They have consolidated efforts in southern China, and so far have maintained a grudging distance and respect for the territories secured by the British. In the far north, the European coalition and Japan regrouped and prepared themselves for the crossing into Manchuria. When they did, they did so against no real resistance, until ultimately they found themselves in full battle against the main Chinese army. The result was a brutal slaughter of the Chinese smashing the last real Ascendant army in the field. The coalition routed the Chinese force, though suffering extensive casualties of their own. The result was that the whole of Manchuria was secured by the coalition, and Peking came under siege by the end of the year.
Casualty Lists
Ascendant's Kingdom of Holy China: 52 Infantry Brigades, 10 Cavalry Brigades, 1 Artillery Brigade
Denmark: 3 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade
Empire of Spain: 1 Infantry Brigade, 1 Cavalry Brigade
Japan: 2 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade
Kingdoms of Paris-Burgundy: 3 Infantry Brigades
Poland: 1 Infantry Brigade, 1 Cavalry Brigade
Portugal: 1 Cavalry Brigade
Republic of the Netherlands: 1 Infantry Brigade
Scandinavia: 4 Infantry Brigades
United Kingdom of Great Britain: 1 Infantry Brigade, 2 Cavalry Brigades, 1 Artillery Brigade
Financial Section
BRITISH INVESTMENT SPURS BRAZIL'S RAILS. Porto Alegre, Empire of Brazil. After several years of financing the construction of a railroad from Rio to Paraguay themselves, the Brazilians have obtained some foreign investment. This has come in the form of heavy involvement by British banks and interested corporations. They have provided the financing needed for the Brazilian government and engineers to complete the single track to the Paraguayan border. Unfortunately, Paraguay has not quite reached the point of connecting to this new track, still working on their own interior infrastructure and development. So far, the express train to Asunción is yet a dream, as the government focuses upon building up their own ties. It is claimed that the project should be completed within the next five to six years.
No economic report has been provided this update, as it is the last update for the NES, and we will be progressing on to the boring times of 1853-1900 following this. So sorry.
SPECIAL: The Follow Up
The following three articles are meant to clear up a couple of unresolved issues for the next fifty years, though numbers and logistics say that the result below were foregone conclusions. As much as China, Jacksonia, and Italy might have hoped for something different, the facts are that the sheer numbers and power turned against them would be too much. Therefore, I stand by the results below, and while if we had continued, some of the details MAY have been different, I believe the outcome would have been the same regardless. The results are NOT shown on the included map, which is solely involved with 1852.
THE FATE OF CHINA. After the major defeats and the beginning of the siege in 1852, the Chinese Ascendants were forced to once again retreat to their old strongholds in the interior. From the interior, thanks to protective terrain, the Ascendants were able to preserve control. Unfortunately, over the next fifty years, they were unable to reclaim the coastline, as the European control continued to consolidate and their firepower increased. Though several offensives would be mounted by various Ascendant governments, they would rarely win battles, but would immediately be thrown back by the imperial powers. Unfortunately, disputes among the imperial powers and the lack of strong logistics would prevent the Europeans from ever mounting a successful offensive into the Chinese interior, leaving them preserved for the time, forever waging their futile war upon the invaders, at least in theory. In practice, most Chinese acknowledged that the retreat into the interior marked the end of the war, and normal trade patterns resumed, as the Ascendants consolidated their control and the occasional border offensives were small compared to the conflict that preceded them in the 1840s.
THE FATE OF JACKSONIA. Though the political maneuvering of General Evans managed to prevent the small nation of Jacksonia from being picked off from imperial powers during the American Civil War, he was never able to forge an independent identity. Therefore, after the defeat of the governors in 1852, General Evans led the way for a negotiation to return to the Union. Jacksonia would return to the Union as a full-fledged state in 1854, a year before the discovery of gold would bring unprecedented wealth to the region and the United States. General Evans served with great political distinction first as the governor of Jacksonia and ultimately, becoming Vice President for President Lee later in the nineteenth century. Jacksonia would become one of the most prosperous states in the Union by the turn of the twentieth century.
THE FATE OF ITALY. After the catastrophic defeats of 1852, the Italians were on their last legs as a nationalist entity. The constant pressure of the coalition against them led to the siege of Milan, which was finally broken in 1854. The loss of Milan shattered what remained of the Swiss and Italian armies, and many fled home, taking what weapons they could with them. For a time, this broke the back of the Italian nationalist movement and the associated Brothers of Italy. In their place, a new form of the old order was imposed upon the peninsula. The kingdoms of Naples, Tuscany, and Milan were restored, while Pope Leo XIII returned to secular control over a good portion of the peninsula. Sicily was annexed into the Spanish empire, while Piedmont was established under the guidance of the ruler of Paris-Burgundy. Switzerland would be partitioned and divided between Austria and Paris-Burgundy, establishing full control over the region. For a time anyways, but as the twentieth century dawned, Italian nationalism would rise once again, as the leaders of the last war in Italy were idolized for what they almost achieved.
OOC
For those interested, I used Scandinavia's color in the coalition advances because they provided the most troops to the total coalition in Korea and China.
Yes, some of the stats may not be accurate. I only updated stats for the convenience of doing the wars properly. Otherwise it's fairly irrelevant other than what we started the turn with in terms of economy and so forth. The only things I can promise any accuracy on are quality stats. Everything else is likely to be a bit sketchy. Also, manpower should be fairly correct, except lacking any gains that would have been made this turn.
Please stay tuned after the update for a detailed description of what happens now and what I expect from you for the times leading up to 1900.
World Map