WASHINGTON The Senate gave final approval on Thursday to an ethics bill that bans insider trading by members of Congress, clearing the measure for President Obama, who called for such legislation in his State of the Union address two months ago.
The legislation was adopted by unanimous consent after the Senate voted, 96 to 3, to end debate on the bill, which was approved in the House last month by a vote of 417 to 2.
Senator Joseph I. Lieberman, independent of Connecticut and the chief sponsor of the measure, said it was the most significant Congressional ethics legislation weve adopted in at least five years.
The lopsided votes showed lawmakers desperate to regain public trust in an election year, when the public approval rating of Congress has sunk below 15 percent.
The bill prohibits members of Congress from trading stocks and other securities on the basis of confidential information they receive as lawmakers. It makes clear that the insider trading ban in federal law applies to members of Congress and their aides and to officials in the executive and judicial branches of the federal government.
In addition, the bill requires lawmakers to disclose the purchase or sale of stocks, bonds, commodities futures and other securities within 45 days of transactions, rather than once a year as they now do. The information will be posted on the Web.
Thousands of federal agency officials, including many at the White House, will be subject to similar reporting requirements.
Linky
TL;DR version: A lot of government people have gotten a lot of money by using information they get from their jobs to know things about stocks, which is generally considered to be illegal. They passed a law confirming that it was, in fact, illegal for them to do this, so that it looks like they're actually doing something.
A measure for stronger enforcement was axed by House Republicans, so it's not clear exactly how effective it will be. It's probably slightly better than the current law, but it still seems a little bit lacking.