by 2050, the Nova roman republic rises from its (current) status as micro nation, creating a new Roman repubic, with reformed constitution, the new empire incoperates the former United States of America, the European Union, Russia, Canada, Australia,Brazil, Mexico, and South Africa, Turkey, and Israle voluntarilly, through war, the remaining territories of the Old Roman empire are re-won, and gains made all over the world.
Oil is made obsolete, with exception in regard sot plastic manufactering- the new Empire war that gained control of mesopotamia is seen as a mistake, but nobody is about to press the empire ot give up the territory(Iraq, but set aside a "vassal" state to the kurds so that they could have some degree of Autonomy, and thus save the empire from what was sure to be considerable annoyance)
the Palestinian problem has been solved as if they tried anything, the NR Legions would be sent in
atheism gains ground on scietific principals, till everybody learns that the old Roman religion makes more sense then either Atheism, or Monotheism dose

the Roman empire is thus re-emcoperated terirtorially, and culturally (well, at least religiouslly)
in repsonse to the great new Roman imperial democratic-republic, other areas, including South America, Africa, Some Asian states, but in paticuler Middle eastern states, all form Federrated unions of thire own to resist Roman agression
first semi-permanent science colonies on mars are built, leads to industrial complexes on planet, eventually leads to a terraforming project.
asteroid mining, and use as penal colonies is investigated.
moon becomes the next disney land attraction