Capital: Algiers, the ancient city found by Phoenicians, which stands yet to this day with it's marble white buildings.
Colour: Same as the one you've picked up.
Territory: Libya, Algeria and Senegal.
Government: Republic.
Religion: Islam.
History: Following the swift decline of the Ottoman Empire in North Africa during the 1750s, Algeria managed to become independent. However, for the new country, all has just began. New threats from the North, where dastardly Christians greedily turned their eyes towards the Algerian lands.
A dark phase of Algeria's history has just began... From 1767, when the Spanish disembarked upon Tangiers, with plunder in their eyes just like their forefathers in South America, seeking plunder, fortune and land, a fight for survival has began. The Spanish quickly advanced, but at Fez, they halted, as the Atlas mountains beckoned before them, like mighty columns of stone and impenetrability.
And guns. Many, many guns. Perhaps the Ottoman weapons - guns and cannons, weren't effective. But when hidden amongst mountains, even the best well-armoured succumbed. The Spanish army dwindled, and they soon surrendered.
However, the terror didn't end. It seems, there were other Spaniards, they came from Sicily this time, attacked Tunisia during 1777. They seized all of it, except for Aures, where the war stagnated. A peace treaty was signed, but it was void, as a rebellion destroyed the entire garrison left there, and many ships were sank. With the population rebelling everywhere, the Spanish capitulated the territory, as they were busy on other fronts.
Europeans never give up, however. Despite shown that invading Algeria is impossible and even unprofitable in the long turn, another attempt, this time by the French, was attempted. It was 1787. This time, they decided to take Libya as a staging ground. Rather bad idea, as the local tribes raided their supply lines from the desert, and soon, what was a proud army whose commander said they'll seize all of North Africa by Christmas, became a coward as he and his army was beaten in the desert, and then pushed deeper and deeper into it. People traversing Sahara say that to this day, you can hear the desperate screams of the Frenchmen, as they slowly suffocate to thirst, starvation, and the locals... On an unnamed location, far from any civilized ground, a regiment of skeletons in French uniforms remains to this day.
Another effect of this this invasion was the seizure, or to be fair, liberation, of Libya. Local tribes didn't mind too much for a state to protect them, as long as their practices were kept and their continued to rule their lands, this time as a part of the Algerian administration.
But the most important effect, was that Europe was shocked. One of the mightiest armies in the world, reduced to dust in the desert.. Who would have expected this? Algeria was left alone.
During all these invasions, an absolute monarchy was established. Every victory, every land liberated, it consolidated the throne. The Age of Peace, from 1787 to 1807, began. Cities burned by the wars slowly regained..
However, in 1804, nearby Egypt was taken. A Frenchman, named Napoleon, took it. Things took to an insulting turn - he titled himself "Pharaoh" Napoleon Bonaparte, converted to Islam and ruled it. This was a clear insult for any self-respecting Muslim, an offence that cannot be healed. Never will the "Pharaohs" from the "Napoleonic" dynasty respected as rightful rulers of Egypt.
In 1807, it began. A massive, modern army, marching from Cairo, with the purpose of "expanding Egypt's rule over righteous lands", began. Libya was seized in quick speed. As with every defeat, the monarchy crumbled, until the battle of I-n-Amenas, where the monarch gave his sword to a guard.. and never came back. With no rule, the country was bound to collapse.
However, ideas spread by the, truthfully, marauding French soldiers spread - rule of law, nationalism.. and liberalism. While the army was in constant retreat, taking what they can, in Algiers during the summer of 1808, the Algerian Republic was born.
Now that leadership existed once more, capable men and women took control. No longer nobles of ancient families with zero experience in battle were in command. Only the best could do for Algeria.
And it showed. Just 100 km outside Algiers, near Biskra, was the first defeat they inflicted on the Napoleonic army. They soon started routing them out, and these victories began the modernisation of the army. By the time they reached the Egyptian border, they were no more some irregulars with ancient weapons - they were an even to the titanic armies to the north and to the east.
A peace treaty was signed in 1810, ending the war. And a new age began for Algeria, with the Republic at helm. Many things had to be done - restoration, picking up economy and slowly, building the path to glory.